Development of a Point-of-Care Immunochromatographic Lateral Flow Strip Assay for the Detection of Nipah and Hendra Viruses

Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV), which both belong to the genus henipavirus, are zoonotic pathogens that cause severe systemic, neurological, and/or respiratory disease in humans and a variety of mammals. Therefore, monitoring viral prevalence in natural reservoirs and rapidly diagnosing ca...

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Main Authors: Jianjun Jia, Wenjun Zhu, Guodong Liu, Sandra Diederich, Bradley Pickering, Logan Banadyga, Ming Yang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Viruses
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/7/1021
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author Jianjun Jia
Wenjun Zhu
Guodong Liu
Sandra Diederich
Bradley Pickering
Logan Banadyga
Ming Yang
author_facet Jianjun Jia
Wenjun Zhu
Guodong Liu
Sandra Diederich
Bradley Pickering
Logan Banadyga
Ming Yang
author_sort Jianjun Jia
collection DOAJ
description Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV), which both belong to the genus henipavirus, are zoonotic pathogens that cause severe systemic, neurological, and/or respiratory disease in humans and a variety of mammals. Therefore, monitoring viral prevalence in natural reservoirs and rapidly diagnosing cases of henipavirus infection are critical to limiting the spread of these viruses. Current laboratory methods for detecting NiV and HeV include virus isolation, reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), and antigen detection via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), all of which require highly trained personnel and specialized equipment. Here, we describe the development of a point-of-care customized immunochromatographic lateral flow (ILF) assay that uses recombinant human ephrin B2 as a capture ligand on the test line and a NiV-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) on the conjugate pad to detect NiV and HeV. The ILF assay detects NiV and HeV with a diagnostic specificity of 94.4% and has no cross-reactivity with other viruses. This rapid test may be suitable for field testing and in countries with limited laboratory resources.
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language English
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series Viruses
spelling doaj-art-c27bbef63f35439db2a7009f9c0ccca92025-08-20T03:56:46ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152025-07-01177102110.3390/v17071021Development of a Point-of-Care Immunochromatographic Lateral Flow Strip Assay for the Detection of Nipah and Hendra VirusesJianjun Jia0Wenjun Zhu1Guodong Liu2Sandra Diederich3Bradley Pickering4Logan Banadyga5Ming Yang6National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, CanadaNational Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, CanadaNational Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, CanadaInstitute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald, GermanyNational Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, CanadaNational Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, CanadaNational Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, CanadaNipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV), which both belong to the genus henipavirus, are zoonotic pathogens that cause severe systemic, neurological, and/or respiratory disease in humans and a variety of mammals. Therefore, monitoring viral prevalence in natural reservoirs and rapidly diagnosing cases of henipavirus infection are critical to limiting the spread of these viruses. Current laboratory methods for detecting NiV and HeV include virus isolation, reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), and antigen detection via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), all of which require highly trained personnel and specialized equipment. Here, we describe the development of a point-of-care customized immunochromatographic lateral flow (ILF) assay that uses recombinant human ephrin B2 as a capture ligand on the test line and a NiV-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) on the conjugate pad to detect NiV and HeV. The ILF assay detects NiV and HeV with a diagnostic specificity of 94.4% and has no cross-reactivity with other viruses. This rapid test may be suitable for field testing and in countries with limited laboratory resources.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/7/1021nipah virushendra virushenipavirusmonoclonal antibodyephrin B2virus antigen detection
spellingShingle Jianjun Jia
Wenjun Zhu
Guodong Liu
Sandra Diederich
Bradley Pickering
Logan Banadyga
Ming Yang
Development of a Point-of-Care Immunochromatographic Lateral Flow Strip Assay for the Detection of Nipah and Hendra Viruses
Viruses
nipah virus
hendra virus
henipavirus
monoclonal antibody
ephrin B2
virus antigen detection
title Development of a Point-of-Care Immunochromatographic Lateral Flow Strip Assay for the Detection of Nipah and Hendra Viruses
title_full Development of a Point-of-Care Immunochromatographic Lateral Flow Strip Assay for the Detection of Nipah and Hendra Viruses
title_fullStr Development of a Point-of-Care Immunochromatographic Lateral Flow Strip Assay for the Detection of Nipah and Hendra Viruses
title_full_unstemmed Development of a Point-of-Care Immunochromatographic Lateral Flow Strip Assay for the Detection of Nipah and Hendra Viruses
title_short Development of a Point-of-Care Immunochromatographic Lateral Flow Strip Assay for the Detection of Nipah and Hendra Viruses
title_sort development of a point of care immunochromatographic lateral flow strip assay for the detection of nipah and hendra viruses
topic nipah virus
hendra virus
henipavirus
monoclonal antibody
ephrin B2
virus antigen detection
url https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/7/1021
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