Plant-Based Potential in Diabetes Management: In Vitro Antioxidant, Wound-Healing, and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Southern Algarve Species

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by impaired glucose regulation. This study evaluated the antioxidant and antidiabetic potential of aqueous extracts from four plant species from the southern Algarve: <i>Aristolochia baetica</i>, <i>Cheli...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Isabel S. Carvalho, Cláudia Viegas, Marta Markiewicz, Agnieszka Galanty, Paweł Paśko, Lejsa Jakupović, Marijana Zovko Končić
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Molecules
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/11/2432
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by impaired glucose regulation. This study evaluated the antioxidant and antidiabetic potential of aqueous extracts from four plant species from the southern Algarve: <i>Aristolochia baetica</i>, <i>Chelidonium majus</i>, <i>Dittrichia viscosa</i>, and <i>Lavandula viridis</i>, using non-cellular in vitro assays. HPLC/PDA was used to identify active compounds. Antioxidant activity was assessed by using TAA, FRAP, RP, and DPPH assays; antidiabetic potential through α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition; and wound healing relevance through elastase, collagenase, and lipoxygenase inhibition. <i>D. viscosa</i> showed the highest antioxidant activity (FRAP: 1132.99 ± 19.54 mg TE/g dw; DPPH IC<sub>50</sub> = 25.85 ± 0.75 μg/mL) and total phenolic/flavonoid content, with a diverse profile including caffeic and chlorogenic acids, isoquercetin, and quercetin. It also exhibited potent α-glucosidase inhibition (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.61 ± 0.06 mg/mL), outperforming acarbose. <i>L. viridis</i> had the highest total phenolic content (39.04 mg/g), while <i>A. baetica</i> demonstrated the strongest anti-elastase, anti-collagenase, and lipoxygenase activity, suggesting wound-healing potential. <i>C. majus</i> showed the weakest effects. A strong correlation was observed between phenolic content and antioxidant/antidiabetic activity. These findings support further in vivo studies on <i>D. viscosa</i> and <i>A. baetica</i> for potential use in T2DM management and diabetic wound healing.
ISSN:1420-3049