LAG3, TIM3 and TIGIT: New Targets for Immunotherapy and Potential Associations with Radiotherapy
The combination of immunotherapy and radiotherapy has demonstrated synergistic potential, especially when a combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is administered. Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors and Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors or Programm...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Current Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/32/4/230 |
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| author | Camil Ciprian Mireștean Roxana Irina Iancu Dragoș Petru Teodor Iancu |
| author_facet | Camil Ciprian Mireștean Roxana Irina Iancu Dragoș Petru Teodor Iancu |
| author_sort | Camil Ciprian Mireștean |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The combination of immunotherapy and radiotherapy has demonstrated synergistic potential, especially when a combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is administered. Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors and Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors or Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors have been assessed in both clinical and preclinical studies; the addition of radiotherapy activates immunomodulatory mechanisms materialized by an effect similar to “in situ” vaccination or the “abscopal” distant response of lesions outside the irradiation field. The new therapeutic targets (T cell immune-receptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT), Lymphocyte activating gene 3 (LAG-3), and T cell Ig- and mucin-domain-containing molecule-3 (TIM-3)) associated with traditional ICIs and radiotherapy open new perspectives to the concept of immuno-radiotherapy. The dynamic evaluation of T lymphocyte expression involved in the antitumor immune response, both in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and in the tumor itself, could have biomarker value in assessing the response to combination therapy with traditional and new ICIs in association with irradiation. Preclinical data justify the initiation of clinical trials in various tumor pathologies to explore this concept. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c2425d8cdabf44039a21daf8fa1e5037 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1198-0052 1718-7729 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Current Oncology |
| spelling | doaj-art-c2425d8cdabf44039a21daf8fa1e50372025-08-20T03:13:49ZengMDPI AGCurrent Oncology1198-00521718-77292025-04-0132423010.3390/curroncol32040230LAG3, TIM3 and TIGIT: New Targets for Immunotherapy and Potential Associations with RadiotherapyCamil Ciprian Mireștean0Roxana Irina Iancu1Dragoș Petru Teodor Iancu2Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania“Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaRegional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, RomaniaThe combination of immunotherapy and radiotherapy has demonstrated synergistic potential, especially when a combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is administered. Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors and Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors or Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors have been assessed in both clinical and preclinical studies; the addition of radiotherapy activates immunomodulatory mechanisms materialized by an effect similar to “in situ” vaccination or the “abscopal” distant response of lesions outside the irradiation field. The new therapeutic targets (T cell immune-receptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT), Lymphocyte activating gene 3 (LAG-3), and T cell Ig- and mucin-domain-containing molecule-3 (TIM-3)) associated with traditional ICIs and radiotherapy open new perspectives to the concept of immuno-radiotherapy. The dynamic evaluation of T lymphocyte expression involved in the antitumor immune response, both in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and in the tumor itself, could have biomarker value in assessing the response to combination therapy with traditional and new ICIs in association with irradiation. Preclinical data justify the initiation of clinical trials in various tumor pathologies to explore this concept.https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/32/4/230radiotherapySRSimmunotherapyICIPD-1PD-L1 |
| spellingShingle | Camil Ciprian Mireștean Roxana Irina Iancu Dragoș Petru Teodor Iancu LAG3, TIM3 and TIGIT: New Targets for Immunotherapy and Potential Associations with Radiotherapy Current Oncology radiotherapy SRS immunotherapy ICI PD-1 PD-L1 |
| title | LAG3, TIM3 and TIGIT: New Targets for Immunotherapy and Potential Associations with Radiotherapy |
| title_full | LAG3, TIM3 and TIGIT: New Targets for Immunotherapy and Potential Associations with Radiotherapy |
| title_fullStr | LAG3, TIM3 and TIGIT: New Targets for Immunotherapy and Potential Associations with Radiotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | LAG3, TIM3 and TIGIT: New Targets for Immunotherapy and Potential Associations with Radiotherapy |
| title_short | LAG3, TIM3 and TIGIT: New Targets for Immunotherapy and Potential Associations with Radiotherapy |
| title_sort | lag3 tim3 and tigit new targets for immunotherapy and potential associations with radiotherapy |
| topic | radiotherapy SRS immunotherapy ICI PD-1 PD-L1 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/32/4/230 |
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