Beam-Steerable Fabry–Pérot Cavity Antenna with Reconfigurable Liquid-Based PRS

The design of a beam steering antenna with a reconfigurable liquid-based metamaterial as a Partially Reflective Surface (PRS) in a Fabry–Pérot cavity (FPC) configuration is presented in this letter. The proposed system is based on a two-layer structure having a source antenna a...

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Main Authors: Syed Tamoor Shah, Muhammad Umar Khan, Rifaqat Hussain, James R. Kelly, Akram Alomainy, Khaled A. Aljaloud
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2025-01-01
Series:IEEE Access
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Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11072472/
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author Syed Tamoor Shah
Muhammad Umar Khan
Rifaqat Hussain
James R. Kelly
Akram Alomainy
Khaled A. Aljaloud
author_facet Syed Tamoor Shah
Muhammad Umar Khan
Rifaqat Hussain
James R. Kelly
Akram Alomainy
Khaled A. Aljaloud
author_sort Syed Tamoor Shah
collection DOAJ
description The design of a beam steering antenna with a reconfigurable liquid-based metamaterial as a Partially Reflective Surface (PRS) in a Fabry&#x2013;P&#x00E9;rot cavity (FPC) configuration is presented in this letter. The proposed system is based on a two-layer structure having a source antenna and metamaterial containing, 3D-printed Polylactic Acid (PLA) liquid channels, along with a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$9\times 9$ </tex-math></inline-formula> square ring elements metamaterial. Beam steering is achieved by varying the reflection amplitude of the reconfigurable metamaterial through the injection of liquid. A prototype of the beam-steering system, operating at 8 GHz, has been fabricated and measured. It achieves beam steering in the range of &#x00B1;35&#x00B0; for different configurations, with a realized gain of over 10 dBi in each configuration. There is good agreement between simulated and measured results, making the system a good candidate where beam steering with consistent gain is required at low cost and compact size.
format Article
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institution DOAJ
issn 2169-3536
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher IEEE
record_format Article
series IEEE Access
spelling doaj-art-c1f758bd677c4240888824416dbe2eee2025-08-20T03:12:09ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-011312036012036810.1109/ACCESS.2025.358668311072472Beam-Steerable Fabry&#x2013;P&#x00E9;rot Cavity Antenna with Reconfigurable Liquid-Based PRSSyed Tamoor Shah0https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7845-9270Muhammad Umar Khan1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7070-9187Rifaqat Hussain2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4665-0095James R. Kelly3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1528-6887Akram Alomainy4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5802-9194Khaled A. Aljaloud5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5282-1316SEECS, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, PakistanSEECS, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, PakistanAntenna and Electromagnetics Research Group, School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), London, U.K.Antenna and Electromagnetics Research Group, School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), London, U.K.Antenna and Electromagnetics Research Group, School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), London, U.K.College of Engineering, Muzahimiyah Branch, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaThe design of a beam steering antenna with a reconfigurable liquid-based metamaterial as a Partially Reflective Surface (PRS) in a Fabry&#x2013;P&#x00E9;rot cavity (FPC) configuration is presented in this letter. The proposed system is based on a two-layer structure having a source antenna and metamaterial containing, 3D-printed Polylactic Acid (PLA) liquid channels, along with a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$9\times 9$ </tex-math></inline-formula> square ring elements metamaterial. Beam steering is achieved by varying the reflection amplitude of the reconfigurable metamaterial through the injection of liquid. A prototype of the beam-steering system, operating at 8 GHz, has been fabricated and measured. It achieves beam steering in the range of &#x00B1;35&#x00B0; for different configurations, with a realized gain of over 10 dBi in each configuration. There is good agreement between simulated and measured results, making the system a good candidate where beam steering with consistent gain is required at low cost and compact size.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11072472/Beam steeringFabry–Pérot antennaPRSliquid-basedwater
spellingShingle Syed Tamoor Shah
Muhammad Umar Khan
Rifaqat Hussain
James R. Kelly
Akram Alomainy
Khaled A. Aljaloud
Beam-Steerable Fabry&#x2013;P&#x00E9;rot Cavity Antenna with Reconfigurable Liquid-Based PRS
IEEE Access
Beam steering
Fabry–Pérot antenna
PRS
liquid-based
water
title Beam-Steerable Fabry&#x2013;P&#x00E9;rot Cavity Antenna with Reconfigurable Liquid-Based PRS
title_full Beam-Steerable Fabry&#x2013;P&#x00E9;rot Cavity Antenna with Reconfigurable Liquid-Based PRS
title_fullStr Beam-Steerable Fabry&#x2013;P&#x00E9;rot Cavity Antenna with Reconfigurable Liquid-Based PRS
title_full_unstemmed Beam-Steerable Fabry&#x2013;P&#x00E9;rot Cavity Antenna with Reconfigurable Liquid-Based PRS
title_short Beam-Steerable Fabry&#x2013;P&#x00E9;rot Cavity Antenna with Reconfigurable Liquid-Based PRS
title_sort beam steerable fabry x2013 p x00e9 rot cavity antenna with reconfigurable liquid based prs
topic Beam steering
Fabry–Pérot antenna
PRS
liquid-based
water
url https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11072472/
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