Endophytes Enhance Rice Inorganic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Mitigate Nitrogen Loss Via Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction To Ammonium in Paddy Soils
Abstract Rice cultivation involves the large amounts of fertilizers application, but nitrogen (N) use efficiency remains low. Endophytes are considered key microorganisms that regulate nitrogen utilization and gaseous nitrogen loss in rice paddy ecosystems. However, systematic studies on the effecti...
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SpringerOpen
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Rice |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00814-3 |
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| author | Mengting Liu Ting Liu Zixian Zhang Jinzhi Yao Xiao Xiao Huanhuan An Pangzhi Wei Xubiao Luo Shuping Qin |
| author_facet | Mengting Liu Ting Liu Zixian Zhang Jinzhi Yao Xiao Xiao Huanhuan An Pangzhi Wei Xubiao Luo Shuping Qin |
| author_sort | Mengting Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Rice cultivation involves the large amounts of fertilizers application, but nitrogen (N) use efficiency remains low. Endophytes are considered key microorganisms that regulate nitrogen utilization and gaseous nitrogen loss in rice paddy ecosystems. However, systematic studies on the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of endophytes in nitrogen utilization by crops within paddy fields are still scarce. This study employed microcosmic experiments to investigate the effects of endophytes on gaseous nitrogen loss from paddy soil and inorganic nitrogen utilization in rice plants. Results demonstrated that colonization of endophytes increased the efficiency of inorganic N use by approximately twofold. The simultaneous addition of rice roots colonized with endophytes to the soil resulted in a significant increase in ammonium (NH4 +) concentrations by 121-138% as well. Notably, colonization with endophytes reduced cumulative nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions by 13-21% compared to the control. Importantly, the endophytes were shown to enhance soil redox capacity by increasing Clostridium abundance and Fe2+ concentration, thereby promoting the dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and mitigating soil N loss. These findings underline the potential of rice endophytes in paddy field management to enhance soil nitrogen retention and reduce nitrogen loss. Graphical Abstract |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c1c2d88d86744f33affc2ad2df0251df |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1939-8425 1939-8433 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
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| series | Rice |
| spelling | doaj-art-c1c2d88d86744f33affc2ad2df0251df2025-08-20T03:06:05ZengSpringerOpenRice1939-84251939-84332025-07-0118111210.1186/s12284-025-00814-3Endophytes Enhance Rice Inorganic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Mitigate Nitrogen Loss Via Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction To Ammonium in Paddy SoilsMengting Liu0Ting Liu1Zixian Zhang2Jinzhi Yao3Xiao Xiao4Huanhuan An5Pangzhi Wei6Xubiao Luo7Shuping Qin8Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Prevention Control and Resource Reuse, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong UniversityKey Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Prevention Control and Resource Reuse, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong UniversityKey Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Prevention Control and Resource Reuse, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong UniversityKey Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of SciencesKey Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Prevention Control and Resource Reuse, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong UniversityKey Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Prevention Control and Resource Reuse, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong UniversityKey Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Prevention Control and Resource Reuse, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong UniversityKey Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Prevention Control and Resource Reuse, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong UniversityKey Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of SciencesAbstract Rice cultivation involves the large amounts of fertilizers application, but nitrogen (N) use efficiency remains low. Endophytes are considered key microorganisms that regulate nitrogen utilization and gaseous nitrogen loss in rice paddy ecosystems. However, systematic studies on the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of endophytes in nitrogen utilization by crops within paddy fields are still scarce. This study employed microcosmic experiments to investigate the effects of endophytes on gaseous nitrogen loss from paddy soil and inorganic nitrogen utilization in rice plants. Results demonstrated that colonization of endophytes increased the efficiency of inorganic N use by approximately twofold. The simultaneous addition of rice roots colonized with endophytes to the soil resulted in a significant increase in ammonium (NH4 +) concentrations by 121-138% as well. Notably, colonization with endophytes reduced cumulative nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions by 13-21% compared to the control. Importantly, the endophytes were shown to enhance soil redox capacity by increasing Clostridium abundance and Fe2+ concentration, thereby promoting the dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and mitigating soil N loss. These findings underline the potential of rice endophytes in paddy field management to enhance soil nitrogen retention and reduce nitrogen loss. Graphical Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00814-3Nitrogen Use EfficiencyDissimilatory Nitrate Reduction To AmmoniumEndophyteNitrogen Loss |
| spellingShingle | Mengting Liu Ting Liu Zixian Zhang Jinzhi Yao Xiao Xiao Huanhuan An Pangzhi Wei Xubiao Luo Shuping Qin Endophytes Enhance Rice Inorganic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Mitigate Nitrogen Loss Via Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction To Ammonium in Paddy Soils Rice Nitrogen Use Efficiency Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction To Ammonium Endophyte Nitrogen Loss |
| title | Endophytes Enhance Rice Inorganic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Mitigate Nitrogen Loss Via Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction To Ammonium in Paddy Soils |
| title_full | Endophytes Enhance Rice Inorganic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Mitigate Nitrogen Loss Via Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction To Ammonium in Paddy Soils |
| title_fullStr | Endophytes Enhance Rice Inorganic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Mitigate Nitrogen Loss Via Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction To Ammonium in Paddy Soils |
| title_full_unstemmed | Endophytes Enhance Rice Inorganic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Mitigate Nitrogen Loss Via Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction To Ammonium in Paddy Soils |
| title_short | Endophytes Enhance Rice Inorganic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Mitigate Nitrogen Loss Via Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction To Ammonium in Paddy Soils |
| title_sort | endophytes enhance rice inorganic nitrogen use efficiency and mitigate nitrogen loss via dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium in paddy soils |
| topic | Nitrogen Use Efficiency Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction To Ammonium Endophyte Nitrogen Loss |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00814-3 |
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