Recycling Space Beverage Packaging into LDPE-Based Composite Materials
Long-term space missions require careful resource management and recycling strategies to overcome the limitations of resupply missions. In this study, we investigated the potential to recycle space beverage packaging, which is typically made of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and PET-aluminum-LDPE (...
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MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Aerospace |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/11/12/957 |
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| author | Federica De Rosa Flavia Palmeri Susanna Laurenzi |
| author_facet | Federica De Rosa Flavia Palmeri Susanna Laurenzi |
| author_sort | Federica De Rosa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Long-term space missions require careful resource management and recycling strategies to overcome the limitations of resupply missions. In this study, we investigated the potential to recycle space beverage packaging, which is typically made of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and PET-aluminum-LDPE (PAL) trilaminate, by developing a LDPE-based composite material with PAL inclusions. Due to the limited availability of space beverage packaging, we replaced it with LDPE powder and commercial coffee packaging for the experiments. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to thoroughly analyze the composition of the commercial coffee packaging. The simulant packaging was reduced to a filler, and its thermal properties were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), while the particle size was analyzed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the bootstrap resampling technique. Composite specimens were then fabricated by incorporating the filler into the LDPE matrix at loadings of 5 wt% and 10 wt%, and their mechanical and thermal properties were assessed through dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermal conductivity measurements. The 10 wt% corresponds approximately to the radio between PAL and PE in space beverage packaging and is, therefore, the maximum usable percentage when considering a single package. The results indicate that, as the filler loading increased, the mechanical performance of the composite material decreased, while the thermal conductivity was significantly improved. Finally, 10 wt% LDPE/PAL filaments, with a diameter of 1.7 mm and suitable for the fused filament technique, were produced. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c1c08acb8e2d4fdabb44def574508d57 |
| institution | DOAJ |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Aerospace |
| spelling | doaj-art-c1c08acb8e2d4fdabb44def574508d572025-08-20T02:53:26ZengMDPI AGAerospace2226-43102024-11-01111295710.3390/aerospace11120957Recycling Space Beverage Packaging into LDPE-Based Composite MaterialsFederica De Rosa0Flavia Palmeri1Susanna Laurenzi2Department of Astronautical, Electrical and Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Salaria 851-881, 00138 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Astronautical, Electrical and Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Salaria 851-881, 00138 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Astronautical, Electrical and Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Salaria 851-881, 00138 Rome, ItalyLong-term space missions require careful resource management and recycling strategies to overcome the limitations of resupply missions. In this study, we investigated the potential to recycle space beverage packaging, which is typically made of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and PET-aluminum-LDPE (PAL) trilaminate, by developing a LDPE-based composite material with PAL inclusions. Due to the limited availability of space beverage packaging, we replaced it with LDPE powder and commercial coffee packaging for the experiments. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to thoroughly analyze the composition of the commercial coffee packaging. The simulant packaging was reduced to a filler, and its thermal properties were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), while the particle size was analyzed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the bootstrap resampling technique. Composite specimens were then fabricated by incorporating the filler into the LDPE matrix at loadings of 5 wt% and 10 wt%, and their mechanical and thermal properties were assessed through dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermal conductivity measurements. The 10 wt% corresponds approximately to the radio between PAL and PE in space beverage packaging and is, therefore, the maximum usable percentage when considering a single package. The results indicate that, as the filler loading increased, the mechanical performance of the composite material decreased, while the thermal conductivity was significantly improved. Finally, 10 wt% LDPE/PAL filaments, with a diameter of 1.7 mm and suitable for the fused filament technique, were produced.https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/11/12/957recyclingspace beverage packagingdynamic mechanical analysis (DMA)thermal properties |
| spellingShingle | Federica De Rosa Flavia Palmeri Susanna Laurenzi Recycling Space Beverage Packaging into LDPE-Based Composite Materials Aerospace recycling space beverage packaging dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) thermal properties |
| title | Recycling Space Beverage Packaging into LDPE-Based Composite Materials |
| title_full | Recycling Space Beverage Packaging into LDPE-Based Composite Materials |
| title_fullStr | Recycling Space Beverage Packaging into LDPE-Based Composite Materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recycling Space Beverage Packaging into LDPE-Based Composite Materials |
| title_short | Recycling Space Beverage Packaging into LDPE-Based Composite Materials |
| title_sort | recycling space beverage packaging into ldpe based composite materials |
| topic | recycling space beverage packaging dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) thermal properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/11/12/957 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT federicaderosa recyclingspacebeveragepackagingintoldpebasedcompositematerials AT flaviapalmeri recyclingspacebeveragepackagingintoldpebasedcompositematerials AT susannalaurenzi recyclingspacebeveragepackagingintoldpebasedcompositematerials |