Synergy analysis of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and catechin: absorption, transport and lipid metabolism effects

Hyperlipidemia represents a global metabolic epidemic with increasing prevalence, profoundly associated with the etiology of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of two widely distributed bioactive polyphenols, Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), c...

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Main Authors: Hangyu Liu, Tienan Xiang, Qianxi Zang, Meihong Liu, Yuying Wang, Wandi Yin, Jingsheng Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Nutrition
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1637637/full
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author Hangyu Liu
Tienan Xiang
Qianxi Zang
Qianxi Zang
Meihong Liu
Meihong Liu
Yuying Wang
Yuying Wang
Wandi Yin
Wandi Yin
Jingsheng Liu
Jingsheng Liu
author_facet Hangyu Liu
Tienan Xiang
Qianxi Zang
Qianxi Zang
Meihong Liu
Meihong Liu
Yuying Wang
Yuying Wang
Wandi Yin
Wandi Yin
Jingsheng Liu
Jingsheng Liu
author_sort Hangyu Liu
collection DOAJ
description Hyperlipidemia represents a global metabolic epidemic with increasing prevalence, profoundly associated with the etiology of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of two widely distributed bioactive polyphenols, Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), catechin, and their synergistic combinatorial formation (C3G-catechin) in modulating hyperlipidemia, using complementary in vitro models (Caco-2 monolayer and Caco-2/HepG2 co-culture systems) to simulate intestinal absorption dynamics and lipid metabolic regulation. Our results reveal that the intestinal absorption efficiency follows the order of catechin > C3G-catechin > C3G, primarily mediated through passive diffusion. Furthermore, these polyphenols exhibited significant hypolipidemic effects by downregulating the transcriptional and translational levels of lipid metabolism-related genes, such as SREBP-1, PPARγ, and FAS. This downregulation led to a reduction in key metabolites, including total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-C. Notably, the C3G-catechin combination demonstrated superior regulatory efficacy compared to the individual compounds, suggesting synergistic bioactivity. This study provides mechanistic insights into the enteric transport dynamics and metabolic modulation of dietary polyphenols, highlighting their therapeutic potential to reduce harmful cholesterol level. These findings propose new perspectives for developing nutritional health foods aimed at preventing and treating hyperlipidemia.
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spelling doaj-art-c1926da774ce49f58749f1bdb4d6a7ce2025-08-20T03:47:04ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2025-08-011210.3389/fnut.2025.16376371637637Synergy analysis of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and catechin: absorption, transport and lipid metabolism effectsHangyu Liu0Tienan Xiang1Qianxi Zang2Qianxi Zang3Meihong Liu4Meihong Liu5Yuying Wang6Yuying Wang7Wandi Yin8Wandi Yin9Jingsheng Liu10Jingsheng Liu11College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaCollege of Grain, Oil and Food, Jilin Engineering Vocational College, Siping, Jilin, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, Jilin, ChinaHyperlipidemia represents a global metabolic epidemic with increasing prevalence, profoundly associated with the etiology of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of two widely distributed bioactive polyphenols, Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), catechin, and their synergistic combinatorial formation (C3G-catechin) in modulating hyperlipidemia, using complementary in vitro models (Caco-2 monolayer and Caco-2/HepG2 co-culture systems) to simulate intestinal absorption dynamics and lipid metabolic regulation. Our results reveal that the intestinal absorption efficiency follows the order of catechin > C3G-catechin > C3G, primarily mediated through passive diffusion. Furthermore, these polyphenols exhibited significant hypolipidemic effects by downregulating the transcriptional and translational levels of lipid metabolism-related genes, such as SREBP-1, PPARγ, and FAS. This downregulation led to a reduction in key metabolites, including total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-C. Notably, the C3G-catechin combination demonstrated superior regulatory efficacy compared to the individual compounds, suggesting synergistic bioactivity. This study provides mechanistic insights into the enteric transport dynamics and metabolic modulation of dietary polyphenols, highlighting their therapeutic potential to reduce harmful cholesterol level. These findings propose new perspectives for developing nutritional health foods aimed at preventing and treating hyperlipidemia.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1637637/fullpolyphenolscyanidin-3-O-glucosidecatechincholesterollipid metabolismhyperlipidemia
spellingShingle Hangyu Liu
Tienan Xiang
Qianxi Zang
Qianxi Zang
Meihong Liu
Meihong Liu
Yuying Wang
Yuying Wang
Wandi Yin
Wandi Yin
Jingsheng Liu
Jingsheng Liu
Synergy analysis of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and catechin: absorption, transport and lipid metabolism effects
Frontiers in Nutrition
polyphenols
cyanidin-3-O-glucoside
catechin
cholesterol
lipid metabolism
hyperlipidemia
title Synergy analysis of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and catechin: absorption, transport and lipid metabolism effects
title_full Synergy analysis of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and catechin: absorption, transport and lipid metabolism effects
title_fullStr Synergy analysis of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and catechin: absorption, transport and lipid metabolism effects
title_full_unstemmed Synergy analysis of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and catechin: absorption, transport and lipid metabolism effects
title_short Synergy analysis of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and catechin: absorption, transport and lipid metabolism effects
title_sort synergy analysis of cyanidin 3 o glucoside and catechin absorption transport and lipid metabolism effects
topic polyphenols
cyanidin-3-O-glucoside
catechin
cholesterol
lipid metabolism
hyperlipidemia
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1637637/full
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