Fin geometry optimization for enhanced PCM solidification in solar cooking thermal storage system: Numerical simulation and experimental validation

This study investigates the enhancement of heat transfer in phase change materials (PCMs) for solar cooking applications by optimizing fin dimensions to address the low thermal conductivity of PCM during the discharging process. A numerical and experimental analysis was conducted to evaluate the imp...

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Main Authors: Abraha Kahsay Kiros, Balewgize Amare Zeru, Debela Geneti Desisa, Desta Goytom Tewolde
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-05-01
Series:International Journal of Thermofluids
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666202725001909
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author Abraha Kahsay Kiros
Balewgize Amare Zeru
Debela Geneti Desisa
Desta Goytom Tewolde
author_facet Abraha Kahsay Kiros
Balewgize Amare Zeru
Debela Geneti Desisa
Desta Goytom Tewolde
author_sort Abraha Kahsay Kiros
collection DOAJ
description This study investigates the enhancement of heat transfer in phase change materials (PCMs) for solar cooking applications by optimizing fin dimensions to address the low thermal conductivity of PCM during the discharging process. A numerical and experimental analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of fin length and thickness on solidification time and energy storage capacity, balancing the trade-off between heat transfer improvement and PCM volume reduction. Using ANSYS 16.0 for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and response surface methodology (RSM) for design optimization, the study employed solar salt (53 % KNO3, 6 % NaNO3, 41 % NaNO2) with a melting point of 142 °C and latent heat of 110 kJ/kg. Key parameters included fin lengths (70 - 140 mm) and thicknesses (0.8 - 1.5 mm), validated experimentally. Results demonstrated that increasing fin length significantly outperformed thickness enhancement; a fin with 1.5 mm thickness and 140 mm length reduced solidification time by 65.97 % compared to a finless system. RSM optimization identified a fin configuration of 0.8 mm thickness and 140 mm length as optimal, achieving complete solidification in 10.21 hours while releasing 2237.91 kJ of stored energy. These findings highlight the critical role of fin geometry in improving PCM efficiency, enabling effective solar energy storage for extended use, and advancing sustainable alternatives to conventional cooking fuels.
format Article
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institution Kabale University
issn 2666-2027
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publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Elsevier
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series International Journal of Thermofluids
spelling doaj-art-c17a5b8295aa4ef0941c47d03d37af8f2025-08-20T03:49:46ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Thermofluids2666-20272025-05-012710124310.1016/j.ijft.2025.101243Fin geometry optimization for enhanced PCM solidification in solar cooking thermal storage system: Numerical simulation and experimental validationAbraha Kahsay Kiros0Balewgize Amare Zeru1Debela Geneti Desisa2Desta Goytom Tewolde3Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Jimma University, Jimma, 378, Oromia, Ethiopia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Raya University, Maichew, 92, Tigray, Ethiopia; Corresponding author.Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Jimma University, Jimma, 378, Oromia, EthiopiaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Jimma University, Jimma, 378, Oromia, EthiopiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, TaiwanThis study investigates the enhancement of heat transfer in phase change materials (PCMs) for solar cooking applications by optimizing fin dimensions to address the low thermal conductivity of PCM during the discharging process. A numerical and experimental analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of fin length and thickness on solidification time and energy storage capacity, balancing the trade-off between heat transfer improvement and PCM volume reduction. Using ANSYS 16.0 for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and response surface methodology (RSM) for design optimization, the study employed solar salt (53 % KNO3, 6 % NaNO3, 41 % NaNO2) with a melting point of 142 °C and latent heat of 110 kJ/kg. Key parameters included fin lengths (70 - 140 mm) and thicknesses (0.8 - 1.5 mm), validated experimentally. Results demonstrated that increasing fin length significantly outperformed thickness enhancement; a fin with 1.5 mm thickness and 140 mm length reduced solidification time by 65.97 % compared to a finless system. RSM optimization identified a fin configuration of 0.8 mm thickness and 140 mm length as optimal, achieving complete solidification in 10.21 hours while releasing 2237.91 kJ of stored energy. These findings highlight the critical role of fin geometry in improving PCM efficiency, enabling effective solar energy storage for extended use, and advancing sustainable alternatives to conventional cooking fuels.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666202725001909Phase change materialsResponse surface methodologySolar saltOptimizationCFD
spellingShingle Abraha Kahsay Kiros
Balewgize Amare Zeru
Debela Geneti Desisa
Desta Goytom Tewolde
Fin geometry optimization for enhanced PCM solidification in solar cooking thermal storage system: Numerical simulation and experimental validation
International Journal of Thermofluids
Phase change materials
Response surface methodology
Solar salt
Optimization
CFD
title Fin geometry optimization for enhanced PCM solidification in solar cooking thermal storage system: Numerical simulation and experimental validation
title_full Fin geometry optimization for enhanced PCM solidification in solar cooking thermal storage system: Numerical simulation and experimental validation
title_fullStr Fin geometry optimization for enhanced PCM solidification in solar cooking thermal storage system: Numerical simulation and experimental validation
title_full_unstemmed Fin geometry optimization for enhanced PCM solidification in solar cooking thermal storage system: Numerical simulation and experimental validation
title_short Fin geometry optimization for enhanced PCM solidification in solar cooking thermal storage system: Numerical simulation and experimental validation
title_sort fin geometry optimization for enhanced pcm solidification in solar cooking thermal storage system numerical simulation and experimental validation
topic Phase change materials
Response surface methodology
Solar salt
Optimization
CFD
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666202725001909
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