Impact of Microbiota Diversity on Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition that includes two main types, Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), involving inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The exact cause of IBD is unknown but could be a combination of genetic, environmental, and immune system...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ashwag J. Alzahrani, Basma M. Al-Hebshi, Zolfekar A. Yahia, Effat A. Al-Judaibi, Khloud H. Alsaadi, Awatif A. Al-Judaibi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Microorganisms
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/4/710
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850180348623716352
author Ashwag J. Alzahrani
Basma M. Al-Hebshi
Zolfekar A. Yahia
Effat A. Al-Judaibi
Khloud H. Alsaadi
Awatif A. Al-Judaibi
author_facet Ashwag J. Alzahrani
Basma M. Al-Hebshi
Zolfekar A. Yahia
Effat A. Al-Judaibi
Khloud H. Alsaadi
Awatif A. Al-Judaibi
author_sort Ashwag J. Alzahrani
collection DOAJ
description Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition that includes two main types, Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), involving inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The exact cause of IBD is unknown but could be a combination of genetic, environmental, and immune system factors. This study investigated the impact of IBD on microbiota diversity by evaluating the differences in microbial composition and the microbiota of a control group (A) of healthy individuals and a group (B) of IBD patients. Sixty biopsies were collected from participants recruited from hospitals in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Biopsy specimens were taken during colonoscopy examination, and bacterial identification was performed by extracting ribosomal DNA from sigmoid colon biopsies using a DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit. Metagenomics and bioinformatics analyses were then conducted to analyze and compare the microbiota in the two groups. The results showed that the varieties of core microbiome species were 3.81% greater in the IBD patients than in the members of the control group. Furthermore, the differences between the groups were significantly greater than the variations within each group. Differences between the two groups were detected in the relative abundance of <i>Clostridium nexile</i>, <i>Ruminococcus gnavus</i>, <i>Ruminococcus faecis</i>, and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. These results indicate that microbiota could play a role in the pathogenesis of IBD and suggest that microbial diversity can serve as a biomarker for diagnosing the disease and monitoring its progression.
format Article
id doaj-art-c15a0cf5f96a4faca1d249e1b27aa407
institution OA Journals
issn 2076-2607
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Microorganisms
spelling doaj-art-c15a0cf5f96a4faca1d249e1b27aa4072025-08-20T02:18:14ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072025-03-0113471010.3390/microorganisms13040710Impact of Microbiota Diversity on Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseAshwag J. Alzahrani0Basma M. Al-Hebshi1Zolfekar A. Yahia2Effat A. Al-Judaibi3Khloud H. Alsaadi4Awatif A. Al-Judaibi5Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology Section, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Microbiology Section, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Al Noor Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Makkah 24242, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Microbiology Section, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Microbiology Section, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Microbiology Section, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi ArabiaInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition that includes two main types, Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), involving inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The exact cause of IBD is unknown but could be a combination of genetic, environmental, and immune system factors. This study investigated the impact of IBD on microbiota diversity by evaluating the differences in microbial composition and the microbiota of a control group (A) of healthy individuals and a group (B) of IBD patients. Sixty biopsies were collected from participants recruited from hospitals in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Biopsy specimens were taken during colonoscopy examination, and bacterial identification was performed by extracting ribosomal DNA from sigmoid colon biopsies using a DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit. Metagenomics and bioinformatics analyses were then conducted to analyze and compare the microbiota in the two groups. The results showed that the varieties of core microbiome species were 3.81% greater in the IBD patients than in the members of the control group. Furthermore, the differences between the groups were significantly greater than the variations within each group. Differences between the two groups were detected in the relative abundance of <i>Clostridium nexile</i>, <i>Ruminococcus gnavus</i>, <i>Ruminococcus faecis</i>, and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. These results indicate that microbiota could play a role in the pathogenesis of IBD and suggest that microbial diversity can serve as a biomarker for diagnosing the disease and monitoring its progression.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/4/710inflammatory bowel diseaseCrohn’s diseaseulcerative colitismicrobial diversityintestinal microbiotabacteria
spellingShingle Ashwag J. Alzahrani
Basma M. Al-Hebshi
Zolfekar A. Yahia
Effat A. Al-Judaibi
Khloud H. Alsaadi
Awatif A. Al-Judaibi
Impact of Microbiota Diversity on Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Microorganisms
inflammatory bowel disease
Crohn’s disease
ulcerative colitis
microbial diversity
intestinal microbiota
bacteria
title Impact of Microbiota Diversity on Inflammatory Bowel Disease
title_full Impact of Microbiota Diversity on Inflammatory Bowel Disease
title_fullStr Impact of Microbiota Diversity on Inflammatory Bowel Disease
title_full_unstemmed Impact of Microbiota Diversity on Inflammatory Bowel Disease
title_short Impact of Microbiota Diversity on Inflammatory Bowel Disease
title_sort impact of microbiota diversity on inflammatory bowel disease
topic inflammatory bowel disease
Crohn’s disease
ulcerative colitis
microbial diversity
intestinal microbiota
bacteria
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/4/710
work_keys_str_mv AT ashwagjalzahrani impactofmicrobiotadiversityoninflammatoryboweldisease
AT basmamalhebshi impactofmicrobiotadiversityoninflammatoryboweldisease
AT zolfekarayahia impactofmicrobiotadiversityoninflammatoryboweldisease
AT effataaljudaibi impactofmicrobiotadiversityoninflammatoryboweldisease
AT khloudhalsaadi impactofmicrobiotadiversityoninflammatoryboweldisease
AT awatifaaljudaibi impactofmicrobiotadiversityoninflammatoryboweldisease