Habitat Selection of the Smooth‐Coated Otter (Lutrogale perspicillata) in Shuklaphanta National Park, Nepal

ABSTRACT Smooth‐coated otters are top predators, semi‐aquatic carnivores, and keystone species in the aquatic ecosystem, serving as important biological indicators of wetland health. The species, once widespread across the Terai, is now limited to buffer zones and protected areas. This research inve...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Balram Awasthi, Suraj Baral, Babu Ram Banjade, Grace M. Yoxon, Purna Man Shrestha
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-05-01
Series:Ecology and Evolution
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71297
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850124291126853632
author Balram Awasthi
Suraj Baral
Babu Ram Banjade
Grace M. Yoxon
Purna Man Shrestha
author_facet Balram Awasthi
Suraj Baral
Babu Ram Banjade
Grace M. Yoxon
Purna Man Shrestha
author_sort Balram Awasthi
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Smooth‐coated otters are top predators, semi‐aquatic carnivores, and keystone species in the aquatic ecosystem, serving as important biological indicators of wetland health. The species, once widespread across the Terai, is now limited to buffer zones and protected areas. This research investigated the habitat selection of smooth‐coated otters within the Shuklaphanta wetland landscape, an ecologically significant area in the Western Terai lowland of Nepal. The field survey was conducted using line transects with a length of 200 m in a 600 m long section along the bank of the Chaudhar River and the wetlands. A total of 71 line transects were sampled, 53 in the Chaudhar River and 18 in the wetlands. Of these, 15 transects in the Chaudhar River and 18 in the wetlands revealed signs of the presence of smooth‐coated otters. Five habitat variables (canopy cover, water channel width, river bank slope, bank substrate, and human disturbance) play important roles in the presence of otters. The relationship between otter presence and habitat variables was determined using binomial logistic regression. The probability of smooth‐coated otter presence increased with an increase in canopy cover, a higher proportion of sand and mud, and wider water channels. In contrast, otter presence decreased with an increase in the Human Disturbance Index and bank slope. However, average depth and water current appeared to have no significant effect on the presence of smooth‐coated otters. Regular monitoring of smooth‐coated otter habitats and vegetation, along with reducing anthropogenic activities, is urgently needed to conserve the smooth‐coated otter and its habitat in the western lowlands of Nepal.
format Article
id doaj-art-c134a31b8cba45f79d2fa6d96df53896
institution OA Journals
issn 2045-7758
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Ecology and Evolution
spelling doaj-art-c134a31b8cba45f79d2fa6d96df538962025-08-20T02:34:20ZengWileyEcology and Evolution2045-77582025-05-01155n/an/a10.1002/ece3.71297Habitat Selection of the Smooth‐Coated Otter (Lutrogale perspicillata) in Shuklaphanta National Park, NepalBalram Awasthi0Suraj Baral1Babu Ram Banjade2Grace M. Yoxon3Purna Man Shrestha4Department of Zoology, Siddhanath Science Campus Tribhuvan University Mahendranagar NepalBiodiversity Research and Conservation Society Kathmandu NepalNepal Zoological Society Kathmandu NepalInternational Otter Survival Fund Broadford UKNepal Zoological Society Kathmandu NepalABSTRACT Smooth‐coated otters are top predators, semi‐aquatic carnivores, and keystone species in the aquatic ecosystem, serving as important biological indicators of wetland health. The species, once widespread across the Terai, is now limited to buffer zones and protected areas. This research investigated the habitat selection of smooth‐coated otters within the Shuklaphanta wetland landscape, an ecologically significant area in the Western Terai lowland of Nepal. The field survey was conducted using line transects with a length of 200 m in a 600 m long section along the bank of the Chaudhar River and the wetlands. A total of 71 line transects were sampled, 53 in the Chaudhar River and 18 in the wetlands. Of these, 15 transects in the Chaudhar River and 18 in the wetlands revealed signs of the presence of smooth‐coated otters. Five habitat variables (canopy cover, water channel width, river bank slope, bank substrate, and human disturbance) play important roles in the presence of otters. The relationship between otter presence and habitat variables was determined using binomial logistic regression. The probability of smooth‐coated otter presence increased with an increase in canopy cover, a higher proportion of sand and mud, and wider water channels. In contrast, otter presence decreased with an increase in the Human Disturbance Index and bank slope. However, average depth and water current appeared to have no significant effect on the presence of smooth‐coated otters. Regular monitoring of smooth‐coated otter habitats and vegetation, along with reducing anthropogenic activities, is urgently needed to conserve the smooth‐coated otter and its habitat in the western lowlands of Nepal.https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71297habitat selectionhuman disturbancessmooth‐coated ottersvegetation
spellingShingle Balram Awasthi
Suraj Baral
Babu Ram Banjade
Grace M. Yoxon
Purna Man Shrestha
Habitat Selection of the Smooth‐Coated Otter (Lutrogale perspicillata) in Shuklaphanta National Park, Nepal
Ecology and Evolution
habitat selection
human disturbances
smooth‐coated otters
vegetation
title Habitat Selection of the Smooth‐Coated Otter (Lutrogale perspicillata) in Shuklaphanta National Park, Nepal
title_full Habitat Selection of the Smooth‐Coated Otter (Lutrogale perspicillata) in Shuklaphanta National Park, Nepal
title_fullStr Habitat Selection of the Smooth‐Coated Otter (Lutrogale perspicillata) in Shuklaphanta National Park, Nepal
title_full_unstemmed Habitat Selection of the Smooth‐Coated Otter (Lutrogale perspicillata) in Shuklaphanta National Park, Nepal
title_short Habitat Selection of the Smooth‐Coated Otter (Lutrogale perspicillata) in Shuklaphanta National Park, Nepal
title_sort habitat selection of the smooth coated otter lutrogale perspicillata in shuklaphanta national park nepal
topic habitat selection
human disturbances
smooth‐coated otters
vegetation
url https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71297
work_keys_str_mv AT balramawasthi habitatselectionofthesmoothcoatedotterlutrogaleperspicillatainshuklaphantanationalparknepal
AT surajbaral habitatselectionofthesmoothcoatedotterlutrogaleperspicillatainshuklaphantanationalparknepal
AT baburambanjade habitatselectionofthesmoothcoatedotterlutrogaleperspicillatainshuklaphantanationalparknepal
AT gracemyoxon habitatselectionofthesmoothcoatedotterlutrogaleperspicillatainshuklaphantanationalparknepal
AT purnamanshrestha habitatselectionofthesmoothcoatedotterlutrogaleperspicillatainshuklaphantanationalparknepal