The Epidemiology and Clinical Burdens of Human Parainfluenza Virus Infections Amongst Hospitalized Children Under 5 Years of Age in Jordan: A National Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study
Human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) is a major cause of respiratory illnesses in children under five years, with clinical manifestations ranging from mild upper respiratory tract infections to severe lower respiratory tract diseases. This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the burden, cli...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Munir Abu-Helalah Mohammad Abu Lubad Mohammad Al-Hanaktah Ahmad Al Tibi Maisalreem Alhousani Simon B. Drysdale |
| author_facet | Munir Abu-Helalah Mohammad Abu Lubad Mohammad Al-Hanaktah Ahmad Al Tibi Maisalreem Alhousani Simon B. Drysdale |
| author_sort | Munir Abu-Helalah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) is a major cause of respiratory illnesses in children under five years, with clinical manifestations ranging from mild upper respiratory tract infections to severe lower respiratory tract diseases. This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the burden, clinical features, and predictors of respiratory viral infections in hospitalized children across four sites in Jordan. Nasopharyngeal specimens from 1000 eligible children were analyzed. In this article, we focused on HPIV infections. The overall HPIV positivity rate was 22.6%, with HPIV-3 accounting for 90.3% of cases. Significant geographic variability was observed, with higher positivity rates in the southern region. HPIV-positive cases frequently presented with symptoms like nasal congestion, tachypnea, and poor feeding. Co-infections with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or influenza were associated with worse outcomes, including an increased need for invasive ventilation. The logistic regression identified male gender, asthma, and respiratory acidosis as predictors of complications. Geographic differences in HPIV prevalence and severity were notable, emphasizing the influence of environmental and socioeconomic factors. These findings underscore the urgent need for enhanced HPIV surveillance, targeted public health interventions, and vaccine development to mitigate the disease burden. This study provides critical insights that guide healthcare strategies and improve outcomes in young children at risk of severe HPIV infections. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c106b47d020846b588c85ddf59615c1f |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj-art-c106b47d020846b588c85ddf59615c1f2025-08-20T03:11:19ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152025-01-0117217010.3390/v17020170The Epidemiology and Clinical Burdens of Human Parainfluenza Virus Infections Amongst Hospitalized Children Under 5 Years of Age in Jordan: A National Multi-Center Cross-Sectional StudyMunir Abu-Helalah0Mohammad Abu Lubad1Mohammad Al-Hanaktah2Ahmad Al Tibi3Maisalreem Alhousani4Simon B. Drysdale5Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, JordanDepartment of Microbiology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Karak 61710, JordanFaculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, JordanMolecular Genetics Supervisor, Biolab Diagnostic Laboratories, P.O. Box 5153, Amman 11183, JordanResearch Assistant, Mutah University, Karak 61710, Jordan13 Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Pediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UKHuman parainfluenza virus (HPIV) is a major cause of respiratory illnesses in children under five years, with clinical manifestations ranging from mild upper respiratory tract infections to severe lower respiratory tract diseases. This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the burden, clinical features, and predictors of respiratory viral infections in hospitalized children across four sites in Jordan. Nasopharyngeal specimens from 1000 eligible children were analyzed. In this article, we focused on HPIV infections. The overall HPIV positivity rate was 22.6%, with HPIV-3 accounting for 90.3% of cases. Significant geographic variability was observed, with higher positivity rates in the southern region. HPIV-positive cases frequently presented with symptoms like nasal congestion, tachypnea, and poor feeding. Co-infections with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or influenza were associated with worse outcomes, including an increased need for invasive ventilation. The logistic regression identified male gender, asthma, and respiratory acidosis as predictors of complications. Geographic differences in HPIV prevalence and severity were notable, emphasizing the influence of environmental and socioeconomic factors. These findings underscore the urgent need for enhanced HPIV surveillance, targeted public health interventions, and vaccine development to mitigate the disease burden. This study provides critical insights that guide healthcare strategies and improve outcomes in young children at risk of severe HPIV infections.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/2/170human parainfluenza virusclinicalepidemiologicalchildrenbelow age of fiveJordan |
| spellingShingle | Munir Abu-Helalah Mohammad Abu Lubad Mohammad Al-Hanaktah Ahmad Al Tibi Maisalreem Alhousani Simon B. Drysdale The Epidemiology and Clinical Burdens of Human Parainfluenza Virus Infections Amongst Hospitalized Children Under 5 Years of Age in Jordan: A National Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study Viruses human parainfluenza virus clinical epidemiological children below age of five Jordan |
| title | The Epidemiology and Clinical Burdens of Human Parainfluenza Virus Infections Amongst Hospitalized Children Under 5 Years of Age in Jordan: A National Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full | The Epidemiology and Clinical Burdens of Human Parainfluenza Virus Infections Amongst Hospitalized Children Under 5 Years of Age in Jordan: A National Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | The Epidemiology and Clinical Burdens of Human Parainfluenza Virus Infections Amongst Hospitalized Children Under 5 Years of Age in Jordan: A National Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Epidemiology and Clinical Burdens of Human Parainfluenza Virus Infections Amongst Hospitalized Children Under 5 Years of Age in Jordan: A National Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_short | The Epidemiology and Clinical Burdens of Human Parainfluenza Virus Infections Amongst Hospitalized Children Under 5 Years of Age in Jordan: A National Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_sort | epidemiology and clinical burdens of human parainfluenza virus infections amongst hospitalized children under 5 years of age in jordan a national multi center cross sectional study |
| topic | human parainfluenza virus clinical epidemiological children below age of five Jordan |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/2/170 |
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