A Simulation of the Biomechanical Behavior of Orthodontic Miniscrews for Infrazygomatic Anchorage: An In Vitro Study

Background: This study aims to investigate the biomechanical characteristics of orthodontic miniscrews manufactured for use in infrazygomatic crests. Methods: This study analyzed the Zygomatic Spider Screw (HDC, Thiene, Italy), considering four variables: length, insertion angle, insertion depth, su...

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Main Authors: Mario Palone, Davide Tucci, Marta Calza, Niki Arveda, Francesca Cremonini, Filippo Pepe, Luca Lombardo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Sci
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2413-4155/7/2/64
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author Mario Palone
Davide Tucci
Marta Calza
Niki Arveda
Francesca Cremonini
Filippo Pepe
Luca Lombardo
author_facet Mario Palone
Davide Tucci
Marta Calza
Niki Arveda
Francesca Cremonini
Filippo Pepe
Luca Lombardo
author_sort Mario Palone
collection DOAJ
description Background: This study aims to investigate the biomechanical characteristics of orthodontic miniscrews manufactured for use in infrazygomatic crests. Methods: This study analyzed the Zygomatic Spider Screw (HDC, Thiene, Italy), considering four variables: length, insertion angle, insertion depth, support thickness. Twenty-two configurations were tested on 66 miniscrews, all with a diameter of 2 mm, and were inserted into D1 bone-like supports. After compression tests, the deformation angles and linear distances between the tips of the miniscrews were measured. Results: Power analysis showed 99% power for the deformation angles and linear distance. The ICC indicated the good repeatability of the results, with values above 0.70. The mean maximum load values ranged from 21.5 N to 228.8 N, while the mean deformations ranged from 0.45 mm to 2.26 mm. Miniscrews with greater insertion depths (6 and 8 mm) exhibited approximately twice the average deformation (1.5 mm) compared to those inserted at 2 and 4 mm (0.71 mm). It was noted that miniscrews with higher deformation and a lower applied load were those with a working part length of 10 mm and an insertion depth of 2 mm, while those with lower deformation and a better load-bearing capacity were those with a working part length of 6 mm that were fully inserted into the bone support. Conclusions: The miniscrew design and insertion depth significantly affect biomechanical properties. It is advisable to maximize the insertion depth and minimize the distance between the support and the point of force application. The insertion angle did not prove to be a determining factor in the load.
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spelling doaj-art-c09f56fc5edc4bb3b1ae05f21ee2ce402025-08-20T03:27:25ZengMDPI AGSci2413-41552025-05-01726410.3390/sci7020064A Simulation of the Biomechanical Behavior of Orthodontic Miniscrews for Infrazygomatic Anchorage: An In Vitro StudyMario Palone0Davide Tucci1Marta Calza2Niki Arveda3Francesca Cremonini4Filippo Pepe5Luca Lombardo6Postgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyPostgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyPostgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyPostgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyPostgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyPostgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyPostgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyBackground: This study aims to investigate the biomechanical characteristics of orthodontic miniscrews manufactured for use in infrazygomatic crests. Methods: This study analyzed the Zygomatic Spider Screw (HDC, Thiene, Italy), considering four variables: length, insertion angle, insertion depth, support thickness. Twenty-two configurations were tested on 66 miniscrews, all with a diameter of 2 mm, and were inserted into D1 bone-like supports. After compression tests, the deformation angles and linear distances between the tips of the miniscrews were measured. Results: Power analysis showed 99% power for the deformation angles and linear distance. The ICC indicated the good repeatability of the results, with values above 0.70. The mean maximum load values ranged from 21.5 N to 228.8 N, while the mean deformations ranged from 0.45 mm to 2.26 mm. Miniscrews with greater insertion depths (6 and 8 mm) exhibited approximately twice the average deformation (1.5 mm) compared to those inserted at 2 and 4 mm (0.71 mm). It was noted that miniscrews with higher deformation and a lower applied load were those with a working part length of 10 mm and an insertion depth of 2 mm, while those with lower deformation and a better load-bearing capacity were those with a working part length of 6 mm that were fully inserted into the bone support. Conclusions: The miniscrew design and insertion depth significantly affect biomechanical properties. It is advisable to maximize the insertion depth and minimize the distance between the support and the point of force application. The insertion angle did not prove to be a determining factor in the load.https://www.mdpi.com/2413-4155/7/2/64miniscrewsinfrazygomatic crestskeletal anchorage
spellingShingle Mario Palone
Davide Tucci
Marta Calza
Niki Arveda
Francesca Cremonini
Filippo Pepe
Luca Lombardo
A Simulation of the Biomechanical Behavior of Orthodontic Miniscrews for Infrazygomatic Anchorage: An In Vitro Study
Sci
miniscrews
infrazygomatic crest
skeletal anchorage
title A Simulation of the Biomechanical Behavior of Orthodontic Miniscrews for Infrazygomatic Anchorage: An In Vitro Study
title_full A Simulation of the Biomechanical Behavior of Orthodontic Miniscrews for Infrazygomatic Anchorage: An In Vitro Study
title_fullStr A Simulation of the Biomechanical Behavior of Orthodontic Miniscrews for Infrazygomatic Anchorage: An In Vitro Study
title_full_unstemmed A Simulation of the Biomechanical Behavior of Orthodontic Miniscrews for Infrazygomatic Anchorage: An In Vitro Study
title_short A Simulation of the Biomechanical Behavior of Orthodontic Miniscrews for Infrazygomatic Anchorage: An In Vitro Study
title_sort simulation of the biomechanical behavior of orthodontic miniscrews for infrazygomatic anchorage an in vitro study
topic miniscrews
infrazygomatic crest
skeletal anchorage
url https://www.mdpi.com/2413-4155/7/2/64
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