Sorption Characteristics of Mixed Molecules of Glutaraldehyde from Water on Mesoporous Acid-Amine Modified Low-Cost Activated Carbon: Mechanism, Isotherm, and Kinetics

The environmental discharge of inefficiently treated waste solutions of the strong biocide glutaraldehyde (GA) from hospitals has potential toxic impact on aquatic organisms. The adsorption characteristics of mixed polarized monomeric and polymeric molecules of GA from water on mesoporous acid-amine...

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Main Authors: Mukosha Lloyd, Onyango S. Maurice, Ochieng Aoyi, Taile Y. Leswifi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2015-01-01
Series:Journal of Chemistry
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/757256
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author Mukosha Lloyd
Onyango S. Maurice
Ochieng Aoyi
Taile Y. Leswifi
author_facet Mukosha Lloyd
Onyango S. Maurice
Ochieng Aoyi
Taile Y. Leswifi
author_sort Mukosha Lloyd
collection DOAJ
description The environmental discharge of inefficiently treated waste solutions of the strong biocide glutaraldehyde (GA) from hospitals has potential toxic impact on aquatic organisms. The adsorption characteristics of mixed polarized monomeric and polymeric molecules of GA from water on mesoporous acid-amine modified low-cost activated carbon (AC) were investigated. It was found that the adsorption strongly depended on pH and surface chemistry. In acidic pH, the adsorption mechanism was elaborated to involve chemical sorption of mainly hydroxyl GA monomeric molecules on acidic surface groups, while in alkaline pH, the adsorption was elaborated to involve both chemical and physical sorption of GA polymeric forms having mixed functional groups (aldehyde, carboxyl, and hydroxyl) on acidic and amine surface groups. The optimum pH of adsorption was about 12 with significant contribution by cooperative adsorption, elucidated in terms of hydrogen bonding and aldol condensation. Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich models were fitted to isotherm data. The adsorption kinetics was dependent on initial concentration and temperature and described by the Elovich model. The adsorption was endothermic, while the intraparticle diffusion model suggested significant contribution by film diffusion. The developed low-cost AC could be used to supplement the GA alkaline deactivation process for efficient removal of residual GA aquatic toxicity.
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spelling doaj-art-c09725dad34347c7b2b2d5d774c75af72025-08-20T03:23:24ZengWileyJournal of Chemistry2090-90632090-90712015-01-01201510.1155/2015/757256757256Sorption Characteristics of Mixed Molecules of Glutaraldehyde from Water on Mesoporous Acid-Amine Modified Low-Cost Activated Carbon: Mechanism, Isotherm, and KineticsMukosha Lloyd0Onyango S. Maurice1Ochieng Aoyi2Taile Y. Leswifi3Chemical, Metallurgical and Material Engineering Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South AfricaChemical, Metallurgical and Material Engineering Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South AfricaChemical Engineering Department, Vaal University of Technology, Andries Potgieter Boulevard, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South AfricaChemical, Metallurgical and Material Engineering Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South AfricaThe environmental discharge of inefficiently treated waste solutions of the strong biocide glutaraldehyde (GA) from hospitals has potential toxic impact on aquatic organisms. The adsorption characteristics of mixed polarized monomeric and polymeric molecules of GA from water on mesoporous acid-amine modified low-cost activated carbon (AC) were investigated. It was found that the adsorption strongly depended on pH and surface chemistry. In acidic pH, the adsorption mechanism was elaborated to involve chemical sorption of mainly hydroxyl GA monomeric molecules on acidic surface groups, while in alkaline pH, the adsorption was elaborated to involve both chemical and physical sorption of GA polymeric forms having mixed functional groups (aldehyde, carboxyl, and hydroxyl) on acidic and amine surface groups. The optimum pH of adsorption was about 12 with significant contribution by cooperative adsorption, elucidated in terms of hydrogen bonding and aldol condensation. Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich models were fitted to isotherm data. The adsorption kinetics was dependent on initial concentration and temperature and described by the Elovich model. The adsorption was endothermic, while the intraparticle diffusion model suggested significant contribution by film diffusion. The developed low-cost AC could be used to supplement the GA alkaline deactivation process for efficient removal of residual GA aquatic toxicity.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/757256
spellingShingle Mukosha Lloyd
Onyango S. Maurice
Ochieng Aoyi
Taile Y. Leswifi
Sorption Characteristics of Mixed Molecules of Glutaraldehyde from Water on Mesoporous Acid-Amine Modified Low-Cost Activated Carbon: Mechanism, Isotherm, and Kinetics
Journal of Chemistry
title Sorption Characteristics of Mixed Molecules of Glutaraldehyde from Water on Mesoporous Acid-Amine Modified Low-Cost Activated Carbon: Mechanism, Isotherm, and Kinetics
title_full Sorption Characteristics of Mixed Molecules of Glutaraldehyde from Water on Mesoporous Acid-Amine Modified Low-Cost Activated Carbon: Mechanism, Isotherm, and Kinetics
title_fullStr Sorption Characteristics of Mixed Molecules of Glutaraldehyde from Water on Mesoporous Acid-Amine Modified Low-Cost Activated Carbon: Mechanism, Isotherm, and Kinetics
title_full_unstemmed Sorption Characteristics of Mixed Molecules of Glutaraldehyde from Water on Mesoporous Acid-Amine Modified Low-Cost Activated Carbon: Mechanism, Isotherm, and Kinetics
title_short Sorption Characteristics of Mixed Molecules of Glutaraldehyde from Water on Mesoporous Acid-Amine Modified Low-Cost Activated Carbon: Mechanism, Isotherm, and Kinetics
title_sort sorption characteristics of mixed molecules of glutaraldehyde from water on mesoporous acid amine modified low cost activated carbon mechanism isotherm and kinetics
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/757256
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