C/EBPβ–VCAM1 axis in Kupffer cells promotes hepatic inflammation in MASLD

Background & Aims: Kupffer cells (KCs) can promote hepatic inflammation in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. C/EBPβ in macrophages can mediate metabolic and immune dysregulations. Therefore, we...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shuang-Zhe Lin, Yang Xie, Yu-Qing Cheng, Rui Xue, Yin-Shi Su, Mingxi Liu, Yuan-Wen Chen, Jian-Gao Fan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-08-01
Series:JHEP Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589555925000953
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849426188474253312
author Shuang-Zhe Lin
Yang Xie
Yu-Qing Cheng
Rui Xue
Yin-Shi Su
Mingxi Liu
Yuan-Wen Chen
Jian-Gao Fan
author_facet Shuang-Zhe Lin
Yang Xie
Yu-Qing Cheng
Rui Xue
Yin-Shi Su
Mingxi Liu
Yuan-Wen Chen
Jian-Gao Fan
author_sort Shuang-Zhe Lin
collection DOAJ
description Background &amp; Aims: Kupffer cells (KCs) can promote hepatic inflammation in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. C/EBPβ in macrophages can mediate metabolic and immune dysregulations. Therefore, we aimed to explore its role in KCs in MASLD pathogenesis. Methods: A 12-week high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD) model was used in wild-type or KC-specific Cebpb heterozygous knockout mice (n = 10 per group), followed by liver evaluation using histopathology, flow cytometry, and RNA-seq. RNA-seq of liver tissue (n = 3 per group) and C/EBPβ CUT&Tag-seq of sorted KCs were comprehensively analyzed to elucidate the transcriptional regulatory network. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression or distribution of key proteins. Results: HFHCD induced prominent immune cell infiltration and a concomitant increase in C/EBPβ in KCs. KC-specific Cebpb heterozygous knockout significantly reduced HFHCD-induced lobular inflammation (p <0.05) and inflammation-related gene expression (p <0.05) in the liver. Multi-omics analysis revealed increased C/EBPβ activity in KCs in MASLD, leading to a selective promotive effect on MASLD-induced genes. Further integrated analysis identified Vcam1 as a key direct downstream gene of C/EBPβ in KCs in MASLD, which involves C/EBPβ-mediated activation of the Vcam1 promoter. VCAM1 was predominantly expressed in KCs in the hepatic tissue of MASLD mice and patients. KC-expressed VCAM1 was significantly increased in MASLD compared with healthy controls (p <0.01), and it promoted immune cell infiltration into the liver. Conclusions: Increased C/EBPβ in KCs promotes pathogenic transcriptional activation, leading to increased VCAM1 expression and inflammatory cell infiltration in MASLD. Inhibition of C/EBPβ in KCs might be a potential therapeutic strategy against hepatic inflammation in MASLD. Impact and implications: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, but its pathogenesis remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the critical role of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) in Kupffer cells and its implications in MASLD pathogenesis. We found that an increased C/EBPβ level in Kupffer cells promotes hepatic inflammation in MASLD by upregulating VCAM1 expression. Our findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms driving MASLD and propose a potential novel therapeutic target to mitigate hepatic inflammation in MASLD.
format Article
id doaj-art-c0803e4f6c614a969835fefd4a3e36f2
institution Kabale University
issn 2589-5559
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series JHEP Reports
spelling doaj-art-c0803e4f6c614a969835fefd4a3e36f22025-08-20T03:29:31ZengElsevierJHEP Reports2589-55592025-08-017810141810.1016/j.jhepr.2025.101418C/EBPβ–VCAM1 axis in Kupffer cells promotes hepatic inflammation in MASLDShuang-Zhe Lin0Yang Xie1Yu-Qing Cheng2Rui Xue3Yin-Shi Su4Mingxi Liu5Yuan-Wen Chen6Jian-Gao Fan7Department of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Corresponding authors. Addresses: Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China. Tel.: +86-21-62483180 (Y-W. Chen); Department of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China. Tel.: +86-21-25078999 (J-G. Fan).Department of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China; Corresponding authors. Addresses: Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China. Tel.: +86-21-62483180 (Y-W. Chen); Department of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China. Tel.: +86-21-25078999 (J-G. Fan).Background &amp; Aims: Kupffer cells (KCs) can promote hepatic inflammation in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. C/EBPβ in macrophages can mediate metabolic and immune dysregulations. Therefore, we aimed to explore its role in KCs in MASLD pathogenesis. Methods: A 12-week high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD) model was used in wild-type or KC-specific Cebpb heterozygous knockout mice (n = 10 per group), followed by liver evaluation using histopathology, flow cytometry, and RNA-seq. RNA-seq of liver tissue (n = 3 per group) and C/EBPβ CUT&Tag-seq of sorted KCs were comprehensively analyzed to elucidate the transcriptional regulatory network. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression or distribution of key proteins. Results: HFHCD induced prominent immune cell infiltration and a concomitant increase in C/EBPβ in KCs. KC-specific Cebpb heterozygous knockout significantly reduced HFHCD-induced lobular inflammation (p <0.05) and inflammation-related gene expression (p <0.05) in the liver. Multi-omics analysis revealed increased C/EBPβ activity in KCs in MASLD, leading to a selective promotive effect on MASLD-induced genes. Further integrated analysis identified Vcam1 as a key direct downstream gene of C/EBPβ in KCs in MASLD, which involves C/EBPβ-mediated activation of the Vcam1 promoter. VCAM1 was predominantly expressed in KCs in the hepatic tissue of MASLD mice and patients. KC-expressed VCAM1 was significantly increased in MASLD compared with healthy controls (p <0.01), and it promoted immune cell infiltration into the liver. Conclusions: Increased C/EBPβ in KCs promotes pathogenic transcriptional activation, leading to increased VCAM1 expression and inflammatory cell infiltration in MASLD. Inhibition of C/EBPβ in KCs might be a potential therapeutic strategy against hepatic inflammation in MASLD. Impact and implications: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, but its pathogenesis remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the critical role of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) in Kupffer cells and its implications in MASLD pathogenesis. We found that an increased C/EBPβ level in Kupffer cells promotes hepatic inflammation in MASLD by upregulating VCAM1 expression. Our findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms driving MASLD and propose a potential novel therapeutic target to mitigate hepatic inflammation in MASLD.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589555925000953MASLDMASHKupffer cellVCAM1C/EBPβ
spellingShingle Shuang-Zhe Lin
Yang Xie
Yu-Qing Cheng
Rui Xue
Yin-Shi Su
Mingxi Liu
Yuan-Wen Chen
Jian-Gao Fan
C/EBPβ–VCAM1 axis in Kupffer cells promotes hepatic inflammation in MASLD
JHEP Reports
MASLD
MASH
Kupffer cell
VCAM1
C/EBPβ
title C/EBPβ–VCAM1 axis in Kupffer cells promotes hepatic inflammation in MASLD
title_full C/EBPβ–VCAM1 axis in Kupffer cells promotes hepatic inflammation in MASLD
title_fullStr C/EBPβ–VCAM1 axis in Kupffer cells promotes hepatic inflammation in MASLD
title_full_unstemmed C/EBPβ–VCAM1 axis in Kupffer cells promotes hepatic inflammation in MASLD
title_short C/EBPβ–VCAM1 axis in Kupffer cells promotes hepatic inflammation in MASLD
title_sort c ebpβ vcam1 axis in kupffer cells promotes hepatic inflammation in masld
topic MASLD
MASH
Kupffer cell
VCAM1
C/EBPβ
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589555925000953
work_keys_str_mv AT shuangzhelin cebpbvcam1axisinkupffercellspromoteshepaticinflammationinmasld
AT yangxie cebpbvcam1axisinkupffercellspromoteshepaticinflammationinmasld
AT yuqingcheng cebpbvcam1axisinkupffercellspromoteshepaticinflammationinmasld
AT ruixue cebpbvcam1axisinkupffercellspromoteshepaticinflammationinmasld
AT yinshisu cebpbvcam1axisinkupffercellspromoteshepaticinflammationinmasld
AT mingxiliu cebpbvcam1axisinkupffercellspromoteshepaticinflammationinmasld
AT yuanwenchen cebpbvcam1axisinkupffercellspromoteshepaticinflammationinmasld
AT jiangaofan cebpbvcam1axisinkupffercellspromoteshepaticinflammationinmasld