3D-printed temperature and shear stress-controlled rocker platform for enhanced biofilm incubation

Abstract Growing biofilms of thermophilic (heat-loving) and psychrotrophic (cold-tolerant) bacteria pose several challenges due to specific environmental requirements. Thermophilic bacteria typically grow between 45 and 80  $$^{\circ }$$ C, while psychrotrophic bacteria thrive between 0 and 15  $$^{...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Daniel P. G. Nilsson, Krister Wiklund, Dmitry Malyshev, Magnus Andersson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-06-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04575-3
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850137639889403904
author Daniel P. G. Nilsson
Krister Wiklund
Dmitry Malyshev
Magnus Andersson
author_facet Daniel P. G. Nilsson
Krister Wiklund
Dmitry Malyshev
Magnus Andersson
author_sort Daniel P. G. Nilsson
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Growing biofilms of thermophilic (heat-loving) and psychrotrophic (cold-tolerant) bacteria pose several challenges due to specific environmental requirements. Thermophilic bacteria typically grow between 45 and 80  $$^{\circ }$$ C, while psychrotrophic bacteria thrive between 0 and 15  $$^{\circ }$$ C. Maintaining the precise temperature and fluid conditions required for biofilm growth can be technically challenging. To overcome these challenges, we designed the Bio-Rocker, a temperature- and shear stress-controlled rocker platform for biofilm incubation. The platform supports temperatures between − 9 and 99  $$^{\circ }$$ C, while its digital controller can adjust the rocking speed from 1 to 99 $$^{\circ }$$ /s and set rocking angles up to ±19 $$^{\circ }$$ . This ability, together with data from analytical models and multi-physics simulations, provides control over the shear stress distribution at the growth surfaces, peaking at 2.4 N/m $$^2$$ . Finally, we evaluated the system’s ability to grow bacteria at different temperatures, shear stress, and materials by looking at the coverage and thickness of the biofilm, as well as the total biomass. A step-by-step guide, 3D CAD files, and controller software is provided for easy replication of the Bio-Rocker, using mostly 3D-printed and off-the-shelf components. We conclude that the Bio-Rocker’s performance is comparable to high-end commercial systems like the Enviro-Genie (Scientific Industries) yet costs less than $350 dollars to produce.
format Article
id doaj-art-c045a2697865406bbf82d27283b2c387
institution OA Journals
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-c045a2697865406bbf82d27283b2c3872025-08-20T02:30:46ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-06-0115111110.1038/s41598-025-04575-33D-printed temperature and shear stress-controlled rocker platform for enhanced biofilm incubationDaniel P. G. Nilsson0Krister Wiklund1Dmitry Malyshev2Magnus Andersson3Department of Physics, Umeå UniversityDepartment of Physics, Umeå UniversityDepartment of Physics, Umeå UniversityDepartment of Physics, Umeå UniversityAbstract Growing biofilms of thermophilic (heat-loving) and psychrotrophic (cold-tolerant) bacteria pose several challenges due to specific environmental requirements. Thermophilic bacteria typically grow between 45 and 80  $$^{\circ }$$ C, while psychrotrophic bacteria thrive between 0 and 15  $$^{\circ }$$ C. Maintaining the precise temperature and fluid conditions required for biofilm growth can be technically challenging. To overcome these challenges, we designed the Bio-Rocker, a temperature- and shear stress-controlled rocker platform for biofilm incubation. The platform supports temperatures between − 9 and 99  $$^{\circ }$$ C, while its digital controller can adjust the rocking speed from 1 to 99 $$^{\circ }$$ /s and set rocking angles up to ±19 $$^{\circ }$$ . This ability, together with data from analytical models and multi-physics simulations, provides control over the shear stress distribution at the growth surfaces, peaking at 2.4 N/m $$^2$$ . Finally, we evaluated the system’s ability to grow bacteria at different temperatures, shear stress, and materials by looking at the coverage and thickness of the biofilm, as well as the total biomass. A step-by-step guide, 3D CAD files, and controller software is provided for easy replication of the Bio-Rocker, using mostly 3D-printed and off-the-shelf components. We conclude that the Bio-Rocker’s performance is comparable to high-end commercial systems like the Enviro-Genie (Scientific Industries) yet costs less than $350 dollars to produce.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04575-33D printingBiofilmDesign-build-testOpen-sourceLaboratory rockersCFD simulation
spellingShingle Daniel P. G. Nilsson
Krister Wiklund
Dmitry Malyshev
Magnus Andersson
3D-printed temperature and shear stress-controlled rocker platform for enhanced biofilm incubation
Scientific Reports
3D printing
Biofilm
Design-build-test
Open-source
Laboratory rockers
CFD simulation
title 3D-printed temperature and shear stress-controlled rocker platform for enhanced biofilm incubation
title_full 3D-printed temperature and shear stress-controlled rocker platform for enhanced biofilm incubation
title_fullStr 3D-printed temperature and shear stress-controlled rocker platform for enhanced biofilm incubation
title_full_unstemmed 3D-printed temperature and shear stress-controlled rocker platform for enhanced biofilm incubation
title_short 3D-printed temperature and shear stress-controlled rocker platform for enhanced biofilm incubation
title_sort 3d printed temperature and shear stress controlled rocker platform for enhanced biofilm incubation
topic 3D printing
Biofilm
Design-build-test
Open-source
Laboratory rockers
CFD simulation
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04575-3
work_keys_str_mv AT danielpgnilsson 3dprintedtemperatureandshearstresscontrolledrockerplatformforenhancedbiofilmincubation
AT kristerwiklund 3dprintedtemperatureandshearstresscontrolledrockerplatformforenhancedbiofilmincubation
AT dmitrymalyshev 3dprintedtemperatureandshearstresscontrolledrockerplatformforenhancedbiofilmincubation
AT magnusandersson 3dprintedtemperatureandshearstresscontrolledrockerplatformforenhancedbiofilmincubation