Prevalence and determinants of healthy and balanced diet among office workers in a sedentary working environment: evidence from Southern Sri Lanka

Abstract Background An unhealthy diet is a key risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCD), which account for a significant number of premature deaths and disability-adjusted life years worldwide. Office workers are reported to have unhealthy and unbalanced diets, while being sedentary due to th...

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Main Authors: Janaka Godevithana, Champa Jayalakshmie Wijesinghe, Millawage Supun Dilara Wijesinghe
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-12-01
Series:BMC Public Health
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20935-6
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author Janaka Godevithana
Champa Jayalakshmie Wijesinghe
Millawage Supun Dilara Wijesinghe
author_facet Janaka Godevithana
Champa Jayalakshmie Wijesinghe
Millawage Supun Dilara Wijesinghe
author_sort Janaka Godevithana
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background An unhealthy diet is a key risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCD), which account for a significant number of premature deaths and disability-adjusted life years worldwide. Office workers are reported to have unhealthy and unbalanced diets, while being sedentary due to the nature of their work, placing them at a greater risk of NCD. This study aimed to determine dietary intake and associated factors among sedentary office workers in Southern Sri Lanka. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 518 sedentary workers in 20 offices in the Galle district. Socio-demographic, health and work-related factors and dietary practices were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Twenty-four-hour dietary recall was used to assess dietary intake, which was converted into the number of servings from each food group. Healthy dietary intake was defined as ‘adherence to the numbers of servings recommended in Food Based Dietary Guidelines for Sri Lankans for more than three food groups including cereal and cereal-based foods, fruits, and vegetables, with the consumption of one or no unhealthy food per day’. Results Only 4.6% (n = 24) of the participants consumed a healthy diet, while a considerable proportion had the recommended intake of cereal-based foods, vegetables and fish, meat and pulses (65.3%, 65.8% and 50.8%, respectively). Intake of fruits, dairy products, nuts and seeds was low among the participants. Meal skipping and group eating were significantly associated with an overall unhealthy diet. Stratified analysis showed sex as an effect modifier for the association between group eating and unhealthy diet. In multivariate analysis, none of the factors showed a significant association with healthy dietary intake. Conclusions The dietary intake of sedentary office workers was not up to the recommendations. Meal skipping and group eating were associated with unhealthy dietary intake. This study recommends introducing interventions to improve the intake of fruits, dairy products, nuts, and seeds for sedentary office workers.
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spelling doaj-art-c0414035e5d146dbbec8bd7e0bdbb50b2025-08-20T02:31:50ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582024-12-0124111110.1186/s12889-024-20935-6Prevalence and determinants of healthy and balanced diet among office workers in a sedentary working environment: evidence from Southern Sri LankaJanaka Godevithana0Champa Jayalakshmie Wijesinghe1Millawage Supun Dilara Wijesinghe2Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of RuhunaCentre for Public Health Nutrition Education & Research, Department of Community Medicine, University of RuhunaConsultant Community Physician, Health Promotion Bureau, Ministry of Health, Nutrition and Indigenous MedicineAbstract Background An unhealthy diet is a key risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCD), which account for a significant number of premature deaths and disability-adjusted life years worldwide. Office workers are reported to have unhealthy and unbalanced diets, while being sedentary due to the nature of their work, placing them at a greater risk of NCD. This study aimed to determine dietary intake and associated factors among sedentary office workers in Southern Sri Lanka. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 518 sedentary workers in 20 offices in the Galle district. Socio-demographic, health and work-related factors and dietary practices were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Twenty-four-hour dietary recall was used to assess dietary intake, which was converted into the number of servings from each food group. Healthy dietary intake was defined as ‘adherence to the numbers of servings recommended in Food Based Dietary Guidelines for Sri Lankans for more than three food groups including cereal and cereal-based foods, fruits, and vegetables, with the consumption of one or no unhealthy food per day’. Results Only 4.6% (n = 24) of the participants consumed a healthy diet, while a considerable proportion had the recommended intake of cereal-based foods, vegetables and fish, meat and pulses (65.3%, 65.8% and 50.8%, respectively). Intake of fruits, dairy products, nuts and seeds was low among the participants. Meal skipping and group eating were significantly associated with an overall unhealthy diet. Stratified analysis showed sex as an effect modifier for the association between group eating and unhealthy diet. In multivariate analysis, none of the factors showed a significant association with healthy dietary intake. Conclusions The dietary intake of sedentary office workers was not up to the recommendations. Meal skipping and group eating were associated with unhealthy dietary intake. This study recommends introducing interventions to improve the intake of fruits, dairy products, nuts, and seeds for sedentary office workers.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20935-6Healthy eatingDietary intakeEating behavioursDietary risk factorsSedentary office workers
spellingShingle Janaka Godevithana
Champa Jayalakshmie Wijesinghe
Millawage Supun Dilara Wijesinghe
Prevalence and determinants of healthy and balanced diet among office workers in a sedentary working environment: evidence from Southern Sri Lanka
BMC Public Health
Healthy eating
Dietary intake
Eating behaviours
Dietary risk factors
Sedentary office workers
title Prevalence and determinants of healthy and balanced diet among office workers in a sedentary working environment: evidence from Southern Sri Lanka
title_full Prevalence and determinants of healthy and balanced diet among office workers in a sedentary working environment: evidence from Southern Sri Lanka
title_fullStr Prevalence and determinants of healthy and balanced diet among office workers in a sedentary working environment: evidence from Southern Sri Lanka
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence and determinants of healthy and balanced diet among office workers in a sedentary working environment: evidence from Southern Sri Lanka
title_short Prevalence and determinants of healthy and balanced diet among office workers in a sedentary working environment: evidence from Southern Sri Lanka
title_sort prevalence and determinants of healthy and balanced diet among office workers in a sedentary working environment evidence from southern sri lanka
topic Healthy eating
Dietary intake
Eating behaviours
Dietary risk factors
Sedentary office workers
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20935-6
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