Mitigating gaseous nitrogen emissions in cotton fields through green manure and reduced nitrogen fertilization
Integrating green manure with reduced nitrogen (N) fertilization is a promising strategy to mitigate N emissions in intensive cotton cultivation, however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of three green manure incorporation patterns—no green man...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1615142/full |
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| author | Ru Ma Zhenggui Zhang Jian Wang Yingchun Han Ke Li Mengyao Hou Mengyao Hou Yaping Lei Shiwu Xiong Beifang Yang Xiaoyu Zhi Yahui Jiao Tao Lin Shijie Zhang Shijie Zhang Yabing Li Yabing Li |
| author_facet | Ru Ma Zhenggui Zhang Jian Wang Yingchun Han Ke Li Mengyao Hou Mengyao Hou Yaping Lei Shiwu Xiong Beifang Yang Xiaoyu Zhi Yahui Jiao Tao Lin Shijie Zhang Shijie Zhang Yabing Li Yabing Li |
| author_sort | Ru Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Integrating green manure with reduced nitrogen (N) fertilization is a promising strategy to mitigate N emissions in intensive cotton cultivation, however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of three green manure incorporation patterns—no green manure (NG), Orychophragmus violaceus (OVG), and Vicia villosa (VVG)—combined with four N reduction levels (100, 50, 25%, and conventional) on gaseous N emissions (NH3 and N2O), soil physicochemical properties, and bacterial community characteristics using a cotton field experiment in the Yellow River Basin. Results showed that OVG incorporation with 25% N reduction (N2 treatment) significantly reduced total gaseous N emissions by 36.07% on average during the cotton growth period, reducing NH3 and N2O emissions by 13.31–54.11% and 32.25–68.77%, respectively, compared with N2 application without OVG. OVG application also increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria (28.10%), enhanced heterogeneous selection in bacterial community assembly (200%), and increased the complexity of co-occurrence networks, compared with NG. Compared with conventional N fertilization (N3 treatment), ≥50% N reduction significantly lowered NH3 (>25.51%) and N2O (>32.76%) emissions, reduced the relative abundance of Acidobacteria (−20.23%), simplified co-occurrence networks, and increased homogeneous selection in bacterial assembly (50.00%). Integrating green manure with 25% N reduction substantially reduced gaseous N emissions, which was associated with the enhanced microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and facilitated recruitment of key bacterial taxa (e.g., Sphingosinicella, Azohydromonas, Phototrophicus) within the microbial co-occurrence network. These findings provide insight into how green manure application coupled with N reduction can mitigate gaseous N losses and reshape soil microbial ecology, offering a theoretical basis for sustainable nutrient management during cotton production. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c03a5945af5e43e88e251f53301df720 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-c03a5945af5e43e88e251f53301df7202025-08-20T02:01:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2025-06-011610.3389/fmicb.2025.16151421615142Mitigating gaseous nitrogen emissions in cotton fields through green manure and reduced nitrogen fertilizationRu Ma0Zhenggui Zhang1Jian Wang2Yingchun Han3Ke Li4Mengyao Hou5Mengyao Hou6Yaping Lei7Shiwu Xiong8Beifang Yang9Xiaoyu Zhi10Yahui Jiao11Tao Lin12Shijie Zhang13Shijie Zhang14Yabing Li15Yabing Li16Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaZhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaZhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaHenan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Green Agriculture Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaXinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Cash Crops, Ürümqi, ChinaZhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaHenan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Green Agriculture Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaZhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, ChinaIntegrating green manure with reduced nitrogen (N) fertilization is a promising strategy to mitigate N emissions in intensive cotton cultivation, however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of three green manure incorporation patterns—no green manure (NG), Orychophragmus violaceus (OVG), and Vicia villosa (VVG)—combined with four N reduction levels (100, 50, 25%, and conventional) on gaseous N emissions (NH3 and N2O), soil physicochemical properties, and bacterial community characteristics using a cotton field experiment in the Yellow River Basin. Results showed that OVG incorporation with 25% N reduction (N2 treatment) significantly reduced total gaseous N emissions by 36.07% on average during the cotton growth period, reducing NH3 and N2O emissions by 13.31–54.11% and 32.25–68.77%, respectively, compared with N2 application without OVG. OVG application also increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria (28.10%), enhanced heterogeneous selection in bacterial community assembly (200%), and increased the complexity of co-occurrence networks, compared with NG. Compared with conventional N fertilization (N3 treatment), ≥50% N reduction significantly lowered NH3 (>25.51%) and N2O (>32.76%) emissions, reduced the relative abundance of Acidobacteria (−20.23%), simplified co-occurrence networks, and increased homogeneous selection in bacterial assembly (50.00%). Integrating green manure with 25% N reduction substantially reduced gaseous N emissions, which was associated with the enhanced microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and facilitated recruitment of key bacterial taxa (e.g., Sphingosinicella, Azohydromonas, Phototrophicus) within the microbial co-occurrence network. These findings provide insight into how green manure application coupled with N reduction can mitigate gaseous N losses and reshape soil microbial ecology, offering a theoretical basis for sustainable nutrient management during cotton production.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1615142/fullN2O emissionsNH3 volatilizationgreen manureN fertilizer reductionbacterial keystone taxa |
| spellingShingle | Ru Ma Zhenggui Zhang Jian Wang Yingchun Han Ke Li Mengyao Hou Mengyao Hou Yaping Lei Shiwu Xiong Beifang Yang Xiaoyu Zhi Yahui Jiao Tao Lin Shijie Zhang Shijie Zhang Yabing Li Yabing Li Mitigating gaseous nitrogen emissions in cotton fields through green manure and reduced nitrogen fertilization Frontiers in Microbiology N2O emissions NH3 volatilization green manure N fertilizer reduction bacterial keystone taxa |
| title | Mitigating gaseous nitrogen emissions in cotton fields through green manure and reduced nitrogen fertilization |
| title_full | Mitigating gaseous nitrogen emissions in cotton fields through green manure and reduced nitrogen fertilization |
| title_fullStr | Mitigating gaseous nitrogen emissions in cotton fields through green manure and reduced nitrogen fertilization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mitigating gaseous nitrogen emissions in cotton fields through green manure and reduced nitrogen fertilization |
| title_short | Mitigating gaseous nitrogen emissions in cotton fields through green manure and reduced nitrogen fertilization |
| title_sort | mitigating gaseous nitrogen emissions in cotton fields through green manure and reduced nitrogen fertilization |
| topic | N2O emissions NH3 volatilization green manure N fertilizer reduction bacterial keystone taxa |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1615142/full |
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