SGLT2 inhibitors in autoimmune diseases: emerging therapeutic potential and clinical challenges
Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are conditions where the immune system mistakenly attacks self-antigens, leading to tissue and organ damage. The exact mechanisms underlying AIDs pathogenesis remain unclear, and effective treatments are currently limited, posing significant therapeutic challenges. Recent...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1589341/full |
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| author | Taimin Luo Liaoyun Zhang Kun Tu Kun Tu Gen Li Hao Su Hao Su Guanli Gong Guanli Gong Yilan Huang Yilan Huang Min Li Min Li Xuping Yang Xuping Yang |
| author_facet | Taimin Luo Liaoyun Zhang Kun Tu Kun Tu Gen Li Hao Su Hao Su Guanli Gong Guanli Gong Yilan Huang Yilan Huang Min Li Min Li Xuping Yang Xuping Yang |
| author_sort | Taimin Luo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are conditions where the immune system mistakenly attacks self-antigens, leading to tissue and organ damage. The exact mechanisms underlying AIDs pathogenesis remain unclear, and effective treatments are currently limited, posing significant therapeutic challenges. Recent studies suggest that targeting T cell immune metabolism could be a promising approach for treating AIDs. Repurposed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) medications, which modulate immune metabolic processes, have shown potential in various inflammatory conditions. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, a novel class of oral antidiabetic agents, not only regulate metabolic dysfunction but also offer protective effects on the heart and kidneys. Emerging preclinical evidence indicates that SGLT2 inhibitors possess immunomodulatory properties, highlighting their potential in enhancing T cell-mediated autoimmune therapy. Clinical studies further validate that SGLT2 inhibitors significantly reduce the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in non-diabetic patient groups, such as those with chronic glomerulonephritis like IgA nephropathy. This review aims to evaluate current preclinical and clinical research on the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on the immune system and explore their mechanisms of action relevant to treating AIDs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c036201ff4c5467d9d67dc23ace4f341 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-c036201ff4c5467d9d67dc23ace4f3412025-08-20T03:15:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-07-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15893411589341SGLT2 inhibitors in autoimmune diseases: emerging therapeutic potential and clinical challengesTaimin Luo0Liaoyun Zhang1Kun Tu2Kun Tu3Gen Li4Hao Su5Hao Su6Guanli Gong7Guanli Gong8Yilan Huang9Yilan Huang10Min Li11Min Li12Xuping Yang13Xuping Yang14Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Seventh People’s Hospital (Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial Woman’s and Children’s Hospital & The Affliated Women’s and Children’s Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, ChinaDepartment of pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial Woman’s and Children’s Hospital & The Affliated Women’s and Children’s Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, ChinaAutoimmune diseases (AIDs) are conditions where the immune system mistakenly attacks self-antigens, leading to tissue and organ damage. The exact mechanisms underlying AIDs pathogenesis remain unclear, and effective treatments are currently limited, posing significant therapeutic challenges. Recent studies suggest that targeting T cell immune metabolism could be a promising approach for treating AIDs. Repurposed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) medications, which modulate immune metabolic processes, have shown potential in various inflammatory conditions. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, a novel class of oral antidiabetic agents, not only regulate metabolic dysfunction but also offer protective effects on the heart and kidneys. Emerging preclinical evidence indicates that SGLT2 inhibitors possess immunomodulatory properties, highlighting their potential in enhancing T cell-mediated autoimmune therapy. Clinical studies further validate that SGLT2 inhibitors significantly reduce the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in non-diabetic patient groups, such as those with chronic glomerulonephritis like IgA nephropathy. This review aims to evaluate current preclinical and clinical research on the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on the immune system and explore their mechanisms of action relevant to treating AIDs.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1589341/fullSGLT2 inhibitorsautoimmune diseasesT cellsmetabolic reprogramminginflammatory response |
| spellingShingle | Taimin Luo Liaoyun Zhang Kun Tu Kun Tu Gen Li Hao Su Hao Su Guanli Gong Guanli Gong Yilan Huang Yilan Huang Min Li Min Li Xuping Yang Xuping Yang SGLT2 inhibitors in autoimmune diseases: emerging therapeutic potential and clinical challenges Frontiers in Immunology SGLT2 inhibitors autoimmune diseases T cells metabolic reprogramming inflammatory response |
| title | SGLT2 inhibitors in autoimmune diseases: emerging therapeutic potential and clinical challenges |
| title_full | SGLT2 inhibitors in autoimmune diseases: emerging therapeutic potential and clinical challenges |
| title_fullStr | SGLT2 inhibitors in autoimmune diseases: emerging therapeutic potential and clinical challenges |
| title_full_unstemmed | SGLT2 inhibitors in autoimmune diseases: emerging therapeutic potential and clinical challenges |
| title_short | SGLT2 inhibitors in autoimmune diseases: emerging therapeutic potential and clinical challenges |
| title_sort | sglt2 inhibitors in autoimmune diseases emerging therapeutic potential and clinical challenges |
| topic | SGLT2 inhibitors autoimmune diseases T cells metabolic reprogramming inflammatory response |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1589341/full |
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