Adherence to Mediterranean diet in Moroccan school-age adolescents: sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle determinants

Background Despite its benefits, the Mediterranean diet (MD) is abandoned or not adopted by the younger generations in most Mediterranean countries. Objective The aim here was to examine some factors determining adherence to MD in Moroccan school-age adolescents. Material and methods A cross-secti...

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Main Authors: Halima Belaoufi, Sanaa El-Jamal, Khadija Sahel, Abdelghani Aboukhalaf, Firdaous Friki, Hamid Chamlal, Jamila Elbiyad, Soumaya Atouife, Abdellah El Habazi, Rekia Belahsen
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Language:English
Published: National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene 2024-10-01
Series:Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny
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Online Access:https://roczniki.pzh.gov.pl/Adherence-to-Mediterranean-diet-in-Moroccan-school-age-adolescents-sociodemographic,194469,0,2.html
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author Halima Belaoufi
Sanaa El-Jamal
Khadija Sahel
Abdelghani Aboukhalaf
Firdaous Friki
Hamid Chamlal
Jamila Elbiyad
Soumaya Atouife
Abdellah El Habazi
Rekia Belahsen
author_facet Halima Belaoufi
Sanaa El-Jamal
Khadija Sahel
Abdelghani Aboukhalaf
Firdaous Friki
Hamid Chamlal
Jamila Elbiyad
Soumaya Atouife
Abdellah El Habazi
Rekia Belahsen
author_sort Halima Belaoufi
collection DOAJ
description Background Despite its benefits, the Mediterranean diet (MD) is abandoned or not adopted by the younger generations in most Mediterranean countries. Objective The aim here was to examine some factors determining adherence to MD in Moroccan school-age adolescents. Material and methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a school setting among 386 students (148 boys and 238 girls), aged 14 to 18 years, randomly selected and from different socioeconomic strata. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle data. Physical activity was assessed using the short French version of the IPAQ questionnaire. The KIDMED test was used to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Weight, height and waist circumference were measured according to WHO standards. Body mass index (BMI) and waist�to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. Statistical ANOVA test was used for to compare multiple means, Student’s t-test for independent samples, Chi 2 test for categorical variables and multinomial logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with adherence to the MD amongst adolescents sample. Results Adherence to the MD in this population was very low, with nearly 53% having poor adherence and only 7.7% reporting optimal adherence. Multinomial regression analyses showed that poor adherence is correlated with female gender (p=0.042), low paternal education (p=0.004), limited number of meals (p=0.006), advanced age (p=0.005) and inadequate sleep duration (p=0.027). In contrast, better adherence appears to be correlated with a high number of meals per day (p<0.001) and a better socio-professional class of the father (p<0.001). Conclusions This study revealed a low prevalence of good adherence to MD confirming a transition of the study adolescents towards a Westernized diet. Targeted nutritional intervention programs should be implemented to improve adherence to the MD among Moroccan adolescents, by promoting healthy eating habits.
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spelling doaj-art-c02429e888a540e2a2d8dd6f3c62ffe12025-08-20T02:40:39ZengNational Institute of Public Health - National Institute of HygieneRoczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny0035-77152451-23112024-10-0175326127310.32394/rpzh/194469194469Adherence to Mediterranean diet in Moroccan school-age adolescents: sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle determinantsHalima Belaoufi0https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5899-2122Sanaa El-Jamal1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8548-8740Khadija Sahel2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9620-7521Abdelghani Aboukhalaf3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2654-130XFirdaous Friki4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0535-2841Hamid Chamlal5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8943-2827Jamila Elbiyad6https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9546-7888Soumaya Atouife7https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7466-8542Abdellah El Habazi8Rekia Belahsen9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5641-5809Laboratory of Anthropogenetic, Biotechnologies and Health, Research Unit on Nutrition & Food Sciences, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, MoroccoLaboratory of Anthropogenetic, Biotechnologies and Health, Research Unit on Nutrition & Food Sciences, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, MoroccoLaboratory of Anthropogenetic, Biotechnologies and Health, Research Unit on Nutrition & Food Sciences, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, MoroccoLaboratory of Anthropogenetic, Biotechnologies and Health, Research Unit on Nutrition & Food Sciences, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, MoroccoLaboratory of Anthropogenetic, Biotechnologies and Health, Research Unit on Nutrition & Food Sciences, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, MoroccoLaboratory of Anthropogenetic, Biotechnologies and Health, Research Unit on Nutrition & Food Sciences, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, MoroccoLaboratory of Anthropogenetic, Biotechnologies and Health, Research Unit on Nutrition & Food Sciences, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, MoroccoLaboratory of Anthropogenetic, Biotechnologies and Health, Research Unit on Nutrition & Food Sciences, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, MoroccoLaboratory of Anthropogenetic, Biotechnologies and Health, Research Unit on Nutrition & Food Sciences, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, MoroccoLaboratory of Anthropogenetic, Biotechnologies and Health, Research Unit on Nutrition & Food Sciences, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, MoroccoBackground Despite its benefits, the Mediterranean diet (MD) is abandoned or not adopted by the younger generations in most Mediterranean countries. Objective The aim here was to examine some factors determining adherence to MD in Moroccan school-age adolescents. Material and methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a school setting among 386 students (148 boys and 238 girls), aged 14 to 18 years, randomly selected and from different socioeconomic strata. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle data. Physical activity was assessed using the short French version of the IPAQ questionnaire. The KIDMED test was used to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Weight, height and waist circumference were measured according to WHO standards. Body mass index (BMI) and waist�to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. Statistical ANOVA test was used for to compare multiple means, Student’s t-test for independent samples, Chi 2 test for categorical variables and multinomial logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with adherence to the MD amongst adolescents sample. Results Adherence to the MD in this population was very low, with nearly 53% having poor adherence and only 7.7% reporting optimal adherence. Multinomial regression analyses showed that poor adherence is correlated with female gender (p=0.042), low paternal education (p=0.004), limited number of meals (p=0.006), advanced age (p=0.005) and inadequate sleep duration (p=0.027). In contrast, better adherence appears to be correlated with a high number of meals per day (p<0.001) and a better socio-professional class of the father (p<0.001). Conclusions This study revealed a low prevalence of good adherence to MD confirming a transition of the study adolescents towards a Westernized diet. Targeted nutritional intervention programs should be implemented to improve adherence to the MD among Moroccan adolescents, by promoting healthy eating habits.https://roczniki.pzh.gov.pl/Adherence-to-Mediterranean-diet-in-Moroccan-school-age-adolescents-sociodemographic,194469,0,2.htmlmediterranean dietsociodemographicsocioeconomiclifestyle characteristicsschool-age adolescentsmorocco
spellingShingle Halima Belaoufi
Sanaa El-Jamal
Khadija Sahel
Abdelghani Aboukhalaf
Firdaous Friki
Hamid Chamlal
Jamila Elbiyad
Soumaya Atouife
Abdellah El Habazi
Rekia Belahsen
Adherence to Mediterranean diet in Moroccan school-age adolescents: sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle determinants
Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny
mediterranean diet
sociodemographic
socioeconomic
lifestyle characteristics
school-age adolescents
morocco
title Adherence to Mediterranean diet in Moroccan school-age adolescents: sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle determinants
title_full Adherence to Mediterranean diet in Moroccan school-age adolescents: sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle determinants
title_fullStr Adherence to Mediterranean diet in Moroccan school-age adolescents: sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle determinants
title_full_unstemmed Adherence to Mediterranean diet in Moroccan school-age adolescents: sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle determinants
title_short Adherence to Mediterranean diet in Moroccan school-age adolescents: sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle determinants
title_sort adherence to mediterranean diet in moroccan school age adolescents sociodemographic socioeconomic and lifestyle determinants
topic mediterranean diet
sociodemographic
socioeconomic
lifestyle characteristics
school-age adolescents
morocco
url https://roczniki.pzh.gov.pl/Adherence-to-Mediterranean-diet-in-Moroccan-school-age-adolescents-sociodemographic,194469,0,2.html
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