Fe3O4 nanoparticles and IAA auxin affect secondary metabolism over time without altering genetic stability in chrysanthemum

Fe3O4 nanoparticles and IAA auxin affect secondary metabolism over time without altering genetic stability in chrysanthemum

Abstract This research studied the impact of bare iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), citrate-stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4CA NPs), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) on the genetic stability and metabolic activity of Chrysanthemum × morifolium (Ramat.) Hemsl. plants obtained from synthet...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dariusz Kulus, Alicja Tymoszuk, Mateusz Cichorek, Katarzyna Gościnna, Magdalena Osial
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Axillary buds
Nanoparticle–plant interaction
Plant biotechnology
RAPD
Secondary metabolism regulation
Synthetic seeds
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13279-7
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