Biogenic Ag-ZnO nanoparticles synthesized via Andrographis macrobotrys Nees: A dual role in biomedical applications and methylene blue dye degradation

This study uses aqueous leaf extracts of Andrographis macrobotrys to create Ag-ZnO nanoparticles in a low-toxic, environmentally benign manner. Numerous analytical techniques, including as Ultra Violet-Vis spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectrum, Scanning Electron Micro...

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Main Authors: Sivakumar Saipraba, Raji Meena, Chinnasamy Ragavendran, Mansour K. Gatasheh, Anis Ahmed, Subban Murugesan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-10-01
Series:Next Materials
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949822825005489
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author Sivakumar Saipraba
Raji Meena
Chinnasamy Ragavendran
Mansour K. Gatasheh
Anis Ahmed
Subban Murugesan
author_facet Sivakumar Saipraba
Raji Meena
Chinnasamy Ragavendran
Mansour K. Gatasheh
Anis Ahmed
Subban Murugesan
author_sort Sivakumar Saipraba
collection DOAJ
description This study uses aqueous leaf extracts of Andrographis macrobotrys to create Ag-ZnO nanoparticles in a low-toxic, environmentally benign manner. Numerous analytical techniques, including as Ultra Violet-Vis spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectrum, Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray, Transmission Electron Microscopy, and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, are used on the resultant sample. Ag-ZnO nanoparticles had stronger antibacterial activity against four clinical pathogens, including K. pneumoniae and B. subtilis. The DPPH and ABTS assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity, and the results showed maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 85.67 and 93.78 µg/mL, respectively. The A549 cell line's cytotoxicity was assessed using an MTT test, which yielded an IC50 value of 44.09 µg/mL. By using IC50 values of 227.95 and 224.15 µg/mL, respectively, the anti-inflammatory analysis validated the nanoparticles' therapeutic potential. The reaction combinations combining MB-Ag-ZnO nanoparticles demonstrated the greatest reduction in MB, with a 99 % drop, and were shown to be the most effective photocatalyst for dye degradation in the presence of direct sunlight.
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spelling doaj-art-c00cfa0e1bc34f60afab74d380d369d02025-08-20T03:41:36ZengElsevierNext Materials2949-82282025-10-01910103010.1016/j.nxmate.2025.101030Biogenic Ag-ZnO nanoparticles synthesized via Andrographis macrobotrys Nees: A dual role in biomedical applications and methylene blue dye degradationSivakumar Saipraba0Raji Meena1Chinnasamy Ragavendran2Mansour K. Gatasheh3Anis Ahmed4Subban Murugesan5Herbal Medicine and Nanotechnology Lab, Department of Botany, Periyar University, IndiaHerbal Medicine and Nanotechnology Lab, Department of Botany, Periyar University, IndiaDepartment of Conservatory dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 077, IndiaDepartment of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 11451, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 11451, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaHerbal Medicine and Nanotechnology Lab, Department of Botany, Periyar University, India; Correspondence to: Department of Botany, Periyar University, Salem-11, India.This study uses aqueous leaf extracts of Andrographis macrobotrys to create Ag-ZnO nanoparticles in a low-toxic, environmentally benign manner. Numerous analytical techniques, including as Ultra Violet-Vis spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectrum, Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray, Transmission Electron Microscopy, and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, are used on the resultant sample. Ag-ZnO nanoparticles had stronger antibacterial activity against four clinical pathogens, including K. pneumoniae and B. subtilis. The DPPH and ABTS assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity, and the results showed maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 85.67 and 93.78 µg/mL, respectively. The A549 cell line's cytotoxicity was assessed using an MTT test, which yielded an IC50 value of 44.09 µg/mL. By using IC50 values of 227.95 and 224.15 µg/mL, respectively, the anti-inflammatory analysis validated the nanoparticles' therapeutic potential. The reaction combinations combining MB-Ag-ZnO nanoparticles demonstrated the greatest reduction in MB, with a 99 % drop, and were shown to be the most effective photocatalyst for dye degradation in the presence of direct sunlight.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949822825005489Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticlesCytotoxicityAnti-inflammatoryPhotocatalytic degradation
spellingShingle Sivakumar Saipraba
Raji Meena
Chinnasamy Ragavendran
Mansour K. Gatasheh
Anis Ahmed
Subban Murugesan
Biogenic Ag-ZnO nanoparticles synthesized via Andrographis macrobotrys Nees: A dual role in biomedical applications and methylene blue dye degradation
Next Materials
Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles
Cytotoxicity
Anti-inflammatory
Photocatalytic degradation
title Biogenic Ag-ZnO nanoparticles synthesized via Andrographis macrobotrys Nees: A dual role in biomedical applications and methylene blue dye degradation
title_full Biogenic Ag-ZnO nanoparticles synthesized via Andrographis macrobotrys Nees: A dual role in biomedical applications and methylene blue dye degradation
title_fullStr Biogenic Ag-ZnO nanoparticles synthesized via Andrographis macrobotrys Nees: A dual role in biomedical applications and methylene blue dye degradation
title_full_unstemmed Biogenic Ag-ZnO nanoparticles synthesized via Andrographis macrobotrys Nees: A dual role in biomedical applications and methylene blue dye degradation
title_short Biogenic Ag-ZnO nanoparticles synthesized via Andrographis macrobotrys Nees: A dual role in biomedical applications and methylene blue dye degradation
title_sort biogenic ag zno nanoparticles synthesized via andrographis macrobotrys nees a dual role in biomedical applications and methylene blue dye degradation
topic Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles
Cytotoxicity
Anti-inflammatory
Photocatalytic degradation
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949822825005489
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