Paternal impact on the developmental programming of sexual dimorphism
Sexual dimorphism involves distinct anatomical, physiological, behavioral, and developmental differences between males and females of the same species, influenced by factors prior to conception and during early development. These sex-specific traits contribute to varied phenotypes and individual dis...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2024.1520783/full |
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| author | Shefa’ M. Aljabali Shefa’ M. Aljabali Shruta Pai Shruta Pai Raffaele Teperino Raffaele Teperino |
| author_facet | Shefa’ M. Aljabali Shefa’ M. Aljabali Shruta Pai Shruta Pai Raffaele Teperino Raffaele Teperino |
| author_sort | Shefa’ M. Aljabali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sexual dimorphism involves distinct anatomical, physiological, behavioral, and developmental differences between males and females of the same species, influenced by factors prior to conception and during early development. These sex-specific traits contribute to varied phenotypes and individual disease risks within and across generations and understanding them is essential in mammalian studies. Hormones, sex chromosomes, and imprinted genes drive this dimorphism, with over half of quantitative traits in wildtype mice showing sex-based variation. This review focuses on the impact of paternal non-genetic factors on sexual dimorphism. We synthesize current research on how paternal health before conception affects offspring phenotypes in a sex-specific manner, examining mechanisms such as DNA methylation, paternally imprinted genes, sperm RNA, and seminal plasma. Additionally, we explore how paternal influences indirectly shape offspring through maternal behavior, uterine environment, and placental changes, affecting males and females differently. We propose mechanisms modulating sexual dimorphism during development, underscoring the need for sex-specific documentation in animal studies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c0007dcd87584f37a05e5c7a532bc03a |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2296-634X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-c0007dcd87584f37a05e5c7a532bc03a2025-08-20T02:36:04ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2024-12-011210.3389/fcell.2024.15207831520783Paternal impact on the developmental programming of sexual dimorphismShefa’ M. Aljabali0Shefa’ M. Aljabali1Shruta Pai2Shruta Pai3Raffaele Teperino4Raffaele Teperino5Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Munich GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, GermanyDZD – German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Munich GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, GermanyDZD – German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Munich GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, GermanyDZD – German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, GermanySexual dimorphism involves distinct anatomical, physiological, behavioral, and developmental differences between males and females of the same species, influenced by factors prior to conception and during early development. These sex-specific traits contribute to varied phenotypes and individual disease risks within and across generations and understanding them is essential in mammalian studies. Hormones, sex chromosomes, and imprinted genes drive this dimorphism, with over half of quantitative traits in wildtype mice showing sex-based variation. This review focuses on the impact of paternal non-genetic factors on sexual dimorphism. We synthesize current research on how paternal health before conception affects offspring phenotypes in a sex-specific manner, examining mechanisms such as DNA methylation, paternally imprinted genes, sperm RNA, and seminal plasma. Additionally, we explore how paternal influences indirectly shape offspring through maternal behavior, uterine environment, and placental changes, affecting males and females differently. We propose mechanisms modulating sexual dimorphism during development, underscoring the need for sex-specific documentation in animal studies.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2024.1520783/fullsexual dimoprhismdevelopmental programingpaternal inheritanceepigeneticssperm RNAsseminal plasma |
| spellingShingle | Shefa’ M. Aljabali Shefa’ M. Aljabali Shruta Pai Shruta Pai Raffaele Teperino Raffaele Teperino Paternal impact on the developmental programming of sexual dimorphism Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology sexual dimoprhism developmental programing paternal inheritance epigenetics sperm RNAs seminal plasma |
| title | Paternal impact on the developmental programming of sexual dimorphism |
| title_full | Paternal impact on the developmental programming of sexual dimorphism |
| title_fullStr | Paternal impact on the developmental programming of sexual dimorphism |
| title_full_unstemmed | Paternal impact on the developmental programming of sexual dimorphism |
| title_short | Paternal impact on the developmental programming of sexual dimorphism |
| title_sort | paternal impact on the developmental programming of sexual dimorphism |
| topic | sexual dimoprhism developmental programing paternal inheritance epigenetics sperm RNAs seminal plasma |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2024.1520783/full |
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