Development of a nomogram model to predict 30-day mortality in ICU cancer patients with acute pulmonary embolism

Abstract Cancer patients with acute pulmonary embolism (APE) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) face a high short-term mortality rate. The simplified pulmonary embolism severity index (sPESI) is tool for predicting adverse outcomes. However, its effectiveness in ICU cancer patients with APE r...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shuangping Li, Shenshen Huang, Yuxuan Feng, Yimin Mao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-03-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-93907-4
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849389939190398976
author Shuangping Li
Shenshen Huang
Yuxuan Feng
Yimin Mao
author_facet Shuangping Li
Shenshen Huang
Yuxuan Feng
Yimin Mao
author_sort Shuangping Li
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Cancer patients with acute pulmonary embolism (APE) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) face a high short-term mortality rate. The simplified pulmonary embolism severity index (sPESI) is tool for predicting adverse outcomes. However, its effectiveness in ICU cancer patients with APE remains unclear. This study aimed to validate the sPESI score and develop a predictive model for 30-day mortality in this specific patient group. We conducted a retrospective analysis using data from the MIMIC-IV database, focusing on ICU patients with cancer and APE. The primary outcome of interest was 30-day mortality. Predictors were initially selected using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) analysis. A multivariable logistic regression model was then developed. The performance of the nomogram was assessed using calibration, decision curve analysis (DCA), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate accuracy, clinical utility, and discrimination, respectively. A total of 286 cancer patients with APE were included in the study, with an average age of 68.9 years; the cohort comprised 137 males (47.9%) and 149 females (52.1%), and the 30-day mortality rate was 32.2%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified SOFA score, tumor metastasis, hemoglobin level, anion gap, weight and the prevalence of liver disease as independent predictors of 30-day mortality. The area under the curves (AUCs) of ROC for sPESI and the nomogram model were 0.568 (95% CI, 0.500-0.637) and 0.761 (95% CI, 0.701–0.821). The nomogram model had a higher predictive value for 30-day mortality in patients with acute pulmonary embolism and cancer compared to the sPESI score (P < 0.05). We developed a nomogram to predict the probability of 30-day mortality for ICU patients with acute pulmonary embolism and cancer. This nomogram demonstrated robust performance and serves as a valuable tool for clinicians to identify patients at high risk of 30-day mortality.
format Article
id doaj-art-bfc959f0e4a842bc98c193c9683b67d3
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-bfc959f0e4a842bc98c193c9683b67d32025-08-20T03:41:49ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-03-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-93907-4Development of a nomogram model to predict 30-day mortality in ICU cancer patients with acute pulmonary embolismShuangping Li0Shenshen Huang1Yuxuan Feng2Yimin Mao3College of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Science and TechnologyCollege of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Science and TechnologyCollege of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Science and TechnologyAbstract Cancer patients with acute pulmonary embolism (APE) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) face a high short-term mortality rate. The simplified pulmonary embolism severity index (sPESI) is tool for predicting adverse outcomes. However, its effectiveness in ICU cancer patients with APE remains unclear. This study aimed to validate the sPESI score and develop a predictive model for 30-day mortality in this specific patient group. We conducted a retrospective analysis using data from the MIMIC-IV database, focusing on ICU patients with cancer and APE. The primary outcome of interest was 30-day mortality. Predictors were initially selected using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) analysis. A multivariable logistic regression model was then developed. The performance of the nomogram was assessed using calibration, decision curve analysis (DCA), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate accuracy, clinical utility, and discrimination, respectively. A total of 286 cancer patients with APE were included in the study, with an average age of 68.9 years; the cohort comprised 137 males (47.9%) and 149 females (52.1%), and the 30-day mortality rate was 32.2%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified SOFA score, tumor metastasis, hemoglobin level, anion gap, weight and the prevalence of liver disease as independent predictors of 30-day mortality. The area under the curves (AUCs) of ROC for sPESI and the nomogram model were 0.568 (95% CI, 0.500-0.637) and 0.761 (95% CI, 0.701–0.821). The nomogram model had a higher predictive value for 30-day mortality in patients with acute pulmonary embolism and cancer compared to the sPESI score (P < 0.05). We developed a nomogram to predict the probability of 30-day mortality for ICU patients with acute pulmonary embolism and cancer. This nomogram demonstrated robust performance and serves as a valuable tool for clinicians to identify patients at high risk of 30-day mortality.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-93907-4sPESICancer and acute pulmonary embolismNomogram30-day mortality
spellingShingle Shuangping Li
Shenshen Huang
Yuxuan Feng
Yimin Mao
Development of a nomogram model to predict 30-day mortality in ICU cancer patients with acute pulmonary embolism
Scientific Reports
sPESI
Cancer and acute pulmonary embolism
Nomogram
30-day mortality
title Development of a nomogram model to predict 30-day mortality in ICU cancer patients with acute pulmonary embolism
title_full Development of a nomogram model to predict 30-day mortality in ICU cancer patients with acute pulmonary embolism
title_fullStr Development of a nomogram model to predict 30-day mortality in ICU cancer patients with acute pulmonary embolism
title_full_unstemmed Development of a nomogram model to predict 30-day mortality in ICU cancer patients with acute pulmonary embolism
title_short Development of a nomogram model to predict 30-day mortality in ICU cancer patients with acute pulmonary embolism
title_sort development of a nomogram model to predict 30 day mortality in icu cancer patients with acute pulmonary embolism
topic sPESI
Cancer and acute pulmonary embolism
Nomogram
30-day mortality
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-93907-4
work_keys_str_mv AT shuangpingli developmentofanomogrammodeltopredict30daymortalityinicucancerpatientswithacutepulmonaryembolism
AT shenshenhuang developmentofanomogrammodeltopredict30daymortalityinicucancerpatientswithacutepulmonaryembolism
AT yuxuanfeng developmentofanomogrammodeltopredict30daymortalityinicucancerpatientswithacutepulmonaryembolism
AT yiminmao developmentofanomogrammodeltopredict30daymortalityinicucancerpatientswithacutepulmonaryembolism