Cognitive dysfunction, social participation, and performance of activities of daily living among a sub-urban community-dwelling older adults in Nigeria

Cognitive dysfunction (CF) in older adults significantly impacts activities of daily living (ADLs), social participation (SP), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and overall quality of life. This cross-sectional study assessed CF, SP, ADLs, and IADLs among 150 community-dwelling older...

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Main Authors: Obiekwe Sochima Johnmark, Uzoamaka Nwakego Akobundu, Okwudili Precious Emuka, Akosile Christopher Olusanjo, Uchechukwu Martha Chukwuemeka, Ukamaka Gloria Mgbeojedo, Uchenna Prosper Okonkwo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Cogent Gerontology
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/28324897.2025.2450341
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author Obiekwe Sochima Johnmark
Uzoamaka Nwakego Akobundu
Okwudili Precious Emuka
Akosile Christopher Olusanjo
Uchechukwu Martha Chukwuemeka
Ukamaka Gloria Mgbeojedo
Uchenna Prosper Okonkwo
author_facet Obiekwe Sochima Johnmark
Uzoamaka Nwakego Akobundu
Okwudili Precious Emuka
Akosile Christopher Olusanjo
Uchechukwu Martha Chukwuemeka
Ukamaka Gloria Mgbeojedo
Uchenna Prosper Okonkwo
author_sort Obiekwe Sochima Johnmark
collection DOAJ
description Cognitive dysfunction (CF) in older adults significantly impacts activities of daily living (ADLs), social participation (SP), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and overall quality of life. This cross-sectional study assessed CF, SP, ADLs, and IADLs among 150 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 76.31 ± 8.74 years) in Nnewi, Nigeria. Data were collected using the Mini-Mental State Exam, Katz Index of Independence in ADLs, Lawton IADL scale, and Participation Scale. Mean scores for the IADL scale, Katz Index, SP, and CF were 6.03 ± 2.020, 5.73 ± 1.016, 7.47 ± 8.092, and 25.34 ± 5.800, respectively. Cognitive dysfunction prevalence was 29.3%. Most participants (83.3%) had no significant community or social function restrictions. Half required assistance with IADLs, but 93.3% were fully functional with basic ADLs. Significant relationships were found between ADLs and IADLs (p < 0.001), SP (p < 0.001), and CF (p = 0.001), and between IADLs, SP (p < 0.001), and CF (p = 0.001). Regular cognitive and social engagement programs are recommended to maintain functional abilities in older adults.
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spelling doaj-art-bfc91d3eb80c4b1493685d14b7c06d292025-01-24T16:59:19ZengTaylor & Francis GroupCogent Gerontology2832-48972025-12-014110.1080/28324897.2025.2450341Cognitive dysfunction, social participation, and performance of activities of daily living among a sub-urban community-dwelling older adults in NigeriaObiekwe Sochima Johnmark0Uzoamaka Nwakego Akobundu1Okwudili Precious Emuka2Akosile Christopher Olusanjo3Uchechukwu Martha Chukwuemeka4Ukamaka Gloria Mgbeojedo5Uchenna Prosper Okonkwo6Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Nigeria, Nsuka, Enugu State, NigeriaDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, NigeriaCognitive dysfunction (CF) in older adults significantly impacts activities of daily living (ADLs), social participation (SP), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and overall quality of life. This cross-sectional study assessed CF, SP, ADLs, and IADLs among 150 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 76.31 ± 8.74 years) in Nnewi, Nigeria. Data were collected using the Mini-Mental State Exam, Katz Index of Independence in ADLs, Lawton IADL scale, and Participation Scale. Mean scores for the IADL scale, Katz Index, SP, and CF were 6.03 ± 2.020, 5.73 ± 1.016, 7.47 ± 8.092, and 25.34 ± 5.800, respectively. Cognitive dysfunction prevalence was 29.3%. Most participants (83.3%) had no significant community or social function restrictions. Half required assistance with IADLs, but 93.3% were fully functional with basic ADLs. Significant relationships were found between ADLs and IADLs (p < 0.001), SP (p < 0.001), and CF (p = 0.001), and between IADLs, SP (p < 0.001), and CF (p = 0.001). Regular cognitive and social engagement programs are recommended to maintain functional abilities in older adults.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/28324897.2025.2450341Older adultsactivities of daily livingcognitive functioncommunity-dwellinginstrumental activities of daily livingNigeria
spellingShingle Obiekwe Sochima Johnmark
Uzoamaka Nwakego Akobundu
Okwudili Precious Emuka
Akosile Christopher Olusanjo
Uchechukwu Martha Chukwuemeka
Ukamaka Gloria Mgbeojedo
Uchenna Prosper Okonkwo
Cognitive dysfunction, social participation, and performance of activities of daily living among a sub-urban community-dwelling older adults in Nigeria
Cogent Gerontology
Older adults
activities of daily living
cognitive function
community-dwelling
instrumental activities of daily living
Nigeria
title Cognitive dysfunction, social participation, and performance of activities of daily living among a sub-urban community-dwelling older adults in Nigeria
title_full Cognitive dysfunction, social participation, and performance of activities of daily living among a sub-urban community-dwelling older adults in Nigeria
title_fullStr Cognitive dysfunction, social participation, and performance of activities of daily living among a sub-urban community-dwelling older adults in Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Cognitive dysfunction, social participation, and performance of activities of daily living among a sub-urban community-dwelling older adults in Nigeria
title_short Cognitive dysfunction, social participation, and performance of activities of daily living among a sub-urban community-dwelling older adults in Nigeria
title_sort cognitive dysfunction social participation and performance of activities of daily living among a sub urban community dwelling older adults in nigeria
topic Older adults
activities of daily living
cognitive function
community-dwelling
instrumental activities of daily living
Nigeria
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/28324897.2025.2450341
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