No Influence of Passing Stars on Paleoclimate Reconstructions Over the Past 56 Million Years

Passing stars (also called stellar flybys) have notable effects on the solar system’s long-term dynamical evolution, injection of Oort cloud comets into the solar system, properties of trans-Neptunian objects, and more. Based on a simplified solar system model, omitting the Moon and the Sun’s quadru...

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Main Authors: Richard E. Zeebe, David M. Hernandez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:The Astronomical Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ade1d3
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author Richard E. Zeebe
David M. Hernandez
author_facet Richard E. Zeebe
David M. Hernandez
author_sort Richard E. Zeebe
collection DOAJ
description Passing stars (also called stellar flybys) have notable effects on the solar system’s long-term dynamical evolution, injection of Oort cloud comets into the solar system, properties of trans-Neptunian objects, and more. Based on a simplified solar system model, omitting the Moon and the Sun’s quadrupole moment J _2 , it has recently been suggested that passing stars are also an important driver of paleoclimate before ∼50 Myr ago, including a climate event called the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (∼56 Myr ago). In contrast, using a state-of-the-art solar system model, including a lunar contribution and J _2 , and random stellar parameters (>400 simulations), we find no influence of passing stars on paleoclimate reconstructions over the past 56 Myr. Even in an extreme flyby scenario in which the Sun-like star HD 7977 ( m  = 1.07 M _⊙ ) would have passed within ∼3900 au about 2.8 Myr ago (with 5% likelihood), we detect no discernible change in Earth’s orbital evolution over the past 70 Myr, compared to our standard model. Our results indicate that a complete physics model is essential to accurately study the effects of stellar flybys on Earth’s orbital evolution.
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spelling doaj-art-bfc7101ff612458696605069c08ccede2025-08-20T03:33:11ZengIOP PublishingThe Astronomical Journal1538-38812025-01-0117027110.3847/1538-3881/ade1d3No Influence of Passing Stars on Paleoclimate Reconstructions Over the Past 56 Million YearsRichard E. Zeebe0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0806-8387David M. Hernandez1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7648-0926SOEST, University of Hawaii at Manoa , 1000 Pope Road, MSB 629, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA ; zeebe@soest.hawaii.eduDepartment of Astronomy, Yale University , Kline Biology Tower, 219 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA ; david.m.hernandez@yale.eduPassing stars (also called stellar flybys) have notable effects on the solar system’s long-term dynamical evolution, injection of Oort cloud comets into the solar system, properties of trans-Neptunian objects, and more. Based on a simplified solar system model, omitting the Moon and the Sun’s quadrupole moment J _2 , it has recently been suggested that passing stars are also an important driver of paleoclimate before ∼50 Myr ago, including a climate event called the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (∼56 Myr ago). In contrast, using a state-of-the-art solar system model, including a lunar contribution and J _2 , and random stellar parameters (>400 simulations), we find no influence of passing stars on paleoclimate reconstructions over the past 56 Myr. Even in an extreme flyby scenario in which the Sun-like star HD 7977 ( m  = 1.07 M _⊙ ) would have passed within ∼3900 au about 2.8 Myr ago (with 5% likelihood), we detect no discernible change in Earth’s orbital evolution over the past 70 Myr, compared to our standard model. Our results indicate that a complete physics model is essential to accurately study the effects of stellar flybys on Earth’s orbital evolution.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ade1d3Solar systemOrbitsCelestial mechanicsSolar neighborhood
spellingShingle Richard E. Zeebe
David M. Hernandez
No Influence of Passing Stars on Paleoclimate Reconstructions Over the Past 56 Million Years
The Astronomical Journal
Solar system
Orbits
Celestial mechanics
Solar neighborhood
title No Influence of Passing Stars on Paleoclimate Reconstructions Over the Past 56 Million Years
title_full No Influence of Passing Stars on Paleoclimate Reconstructions Over the Past 56 Million Years
title_fullStr No Influence of Passing Stars on Paleoclimate Reconstructions Over the Past 56 Million Years
title_full_unstemmed No Influence of Passing Stars on Paleoclimate Reconstructions Over the Past 56 Million Years
title_short No Influence of Passing Stars on Paleoclimate Reconstructions Over the Past 56 Million Years
title_sort no influence of passing stars on paleoclimate reconstructions over the past 56 million years
topic Solar system
Orbits
Celestial mechanics
Solar neighborhood
url https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ade1d3
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AT davidmhernandez noinfluenceofpassingstarsonpaleoclimatereconstructionsoverthepast56millionyears