Differential Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Rooting and Physiology of ‘Summer Black’ Grape Cuttings
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbiosis has great potential in improving grapevine performance and reducing external input dependency in viticulture. However, the precise, strain-specific impacts of different AMF species on ‘Summer Black’ grapevine cuttings across multiple physiological and mor...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Horticulturae |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/7/825 |
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| Summary: | Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbiosis has great potential in improving grapevine performance and reducing external input dependency in viticulture. However, the precise, strain-specific impacts of different AMF species on ‘Summer Black’ grapevine cuttings across multiple physiological and morphological dimensions remain underexplored. To address this, we conducted a controlled greenhouse pot experiment, systematically evaluating four different AMF species (<i>Diversispora versiformis</i>, <i>Diversispora spurca</i>, <i>Funneliformis mosseae</i>, and <i>Paraglomus occultum</i>) on ‘Summer Black’ grapevine cuttings. All AMF treatments successfully established root colonization, with <i>F. mosseae</i> achieving the highest infection rate. In detail, <i>F. mosseae</i> notably enhanced total root length, root surface area, and volume, while <i>D. versiformis</i> specifically improved primary adventitious and 2nd-order lateral root numbers. Phosphorus (P) uptake in both leaves and roots was significantly elevated across all AMF treatments, with <i>F. mosseae</i> leading to a 42% increase in leaf P content. Furthermore, AMF inoculation generally enhanced the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase, along with soluble protein and soluble sugar contents in leaves and roots. Photosynthetic parameters, including net photosynthetic rate (<i>Pn</i>), stomatal conductance (<i>Gs</i>), and transpiration rate (<i>Tr</i>), were dramatically increased in AMF-colonized cutting seedlings. Whereas, <i>P. occultum</i> exhibited inhibitory effects on several growth metrics, such as shoot length, leaf and root biomass, and adventitious lateral root numbers, and decreased the contents of Nitrogen (N), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe) in both leaves and roots. These findings conclusively demonstrate that AMF symbiosis optimizes root morphology, enhances nutrient acquisition, and boosts photosynthetic efficiency and stress resilience, thus providing valuable insights for developing targeted bio-fertilization strategies in sustainable viticulture. |
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| ISSN: | 2311-7524 |