Enhancing security and usability with context aware multi-biometric fusion for continuous user authentication
Abstract In this paper, we present a novel continuous authentication system that integrates keystroke dynamics and gait biometrics through a multi-modal fusion framework. The proposed system dynamically adjusts the importance of each biometric modality using the Context-Driven Multi-Biometric Scorin...
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| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14833-z |
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| author | Ayeswarya S. John Singh K. |
| author_facet | Ayeswarya S. John Singh K. |
| author_sort | Ayeswarya S. |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract In this paper, we present a novel continuous authentication system that integrates keystroke dynamics and gait biometrics through a multi-modal fusion framework. The proposed system dynamically adjusts the importance of each biometric modality using the Context-Driven Multi-Biometric Scoring Algorithm (CMBSA), enabling it to adapt to real-time contextual factors such as user behavior and system configuration. Keystroke dynamics are processed using Wavelet Transform Filtering (WTF) to improve feature extraction, while gait data is refined with an Autocorrelation (AC) Filter to ensure the use of reliable gait segments. Experimental results demonstrate that the multi-modal fusion approach significantly enhances authentication accuracy, achieving a combined accuracy of 98.25% and an Equal Error Rate (EER) of 2.35%. The system provides seamless and non-intrusive authentication, ensuring high security and improved usability across different contexts. This research contributes to the development of adaptive, context-aware biometric systems, advancing both security and user experience in real-world applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bf7e9aeb7d2a4467a5fb4fb4f9efeb2e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-bf7e9aeb7d2a4467a5fb4fb4f9efeb2e2025-08-24T11:20:33ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-08-0115112610.1038/s41598-025-14833-zEnhancing security and usability with context aware multi-biometric fusion for continuous user authenticationAyeswarya S.0John Singh K.1School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems, Vellore Institute of TechnologySchool of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems, Vellore Institute of TechnologyAbstract In this paper, we present a novel continuous authentication system that integrates keystroke dynamics and gait biometrics through a multi-modal fusion framework. The proposed system dynamically adjusts the importance of each biometric modality using the Context-Driven Multi-Biometric Scoring Algorithm (CMBSA), enabling it to adapt to real-time contextual factors such as user behavior and system configuration. Keystroke dynamics are processed using Wavelet Transform Filtering (WTF) to improve feature extraction, while gait data is refined with an Autocorrelation (AC) Filter to ensure the use of reliable gait segments. Experimental results demonstrate that the multi-modal fusion approach significantly enhances authentication accuracy, achieving a combined accuracy of 98.25% and an Equal Error Rate (EER) of 2.35%. The system provides seamless and non-intrusive authentication, ensuring high security and improved usability across different contexts. This research contributes to the development of adaptive, context-aware biometric systems, advancing both security and user experience in real-world applications.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14833-zContinuous authenticationKeystroke dynamicsGait biometricsMulti-modal fusionAdaptive authenticationReal-time security |
| spellingShingle | Ayeswarya S. John Singh K. Enhancing security and usability with context aware multi-biometric fusion for continuous user authentication Scientific Reports Continuous authentication Keystroke dynamics Gait biometrics Multi-modal fusion Adaptive authentication Real-time security |
| title | Enhancing security and usability with context aware multi-biometric fusion for continuous user authentication |
| title_full | Enhancing security and usability with context aware multi-biometric fusion for continuous user authentication |
| title_fullStr | Enhancing security and usability with context aware multi-biometric fusion for continuous user authentication |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancing security and usability with context aware multi-biometric fusion for continuous user authentication |
| title_short | Enhancing security and usability with context aware multi-biometric fusion for continuous user authentication |
| title_sort | enhancing security and usability with context aware multi biometric fusion for continuous user authentication |
| topic | Continuous authentication Keystroke dynamics Gait biometrics Multi-modal fusion Adaptive authentication Real-time security |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14833-z |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ayeswaryas enhancingsecurityandusabilitywithcontextawaremultibiometricfusionforcontinuoususerauthentication AT johnsinghk enhancingsecurityandusabilitywithcontextawaremultibiometricfusionforcontinuoususerauthentication |