Role of additive manufacturing in developing functionally graded materials for nuclear applications
The global acceptance of additive manufacturing has evolved with time and has proven to provide promising solutions to varied critical requirements of the nuclear industry. The components of a nuclear reactor, when built using additive manufacturing techniques, offer high microstructural control, ma...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nuclear Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnuen.2025.1603437/full |
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| author | Amal Sasi Madhulika Srivastava K. Dash |
| author_facet | Amal Sasi Madhulika Srivastava K. Dash |
| author_sort | Amal Sasi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The global acceptance of additive manufacturing has evolved with time and has proven to provide promising solutions to varied critical requirements of the nuclear industry. The components of a nuclear reactor, when built using additive manufacturing techniques, offer high microstructural control, making them versatile for a range of properties. These properties can be made easily achievable and tailorable by using functionally graded materials. The nuclear components with a wide range of properties are essential, as the environment inside and outside the reactor varies drastically. This study reviews the current progress in additive manufacturing techniques used for manufacturing functionally graded materials for nuclear applications, highlighting the gradient design methodologies and processing techniques. Additive Manufacturing techniques such as selective laser melting uses multiple powder feeders, and mechanical pre-mixing of powders along with controlled process parameters for effectively fabricating functionally graded materials. These materials possess superior mechanical properties (such as microhardness ranging up to 890 H00.5 and compressive strength up to 2040 MPa for FeCrCoNiMo0.5W0.75), thermal conductivity and thermal properties compared to monolithic counterparts. A comparative analysis of the manufacturing capabilities of the additive manufacturing techniques, along with the usage of advanced computational techniques such as AI in optimising process parameters for desirable strength and low defect generation, is also presented. The study emphasises on the need for strategies such as process parameters optimisation and data-driven design to fully utilise the potential of additively manufactured functionally graded materials in the nuclear sector. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bf69f4bb89f24d198ef7e9532d95c839 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2813-3412 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nuclear Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-bf69f4bb89f24d198ef7e9532d95c8392025-08-21T05:27:14ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nuclear Engineering2813-34122025-08-01410.3389/fnuen.2025.16034371603437Role of additive manufacturing in developing functionally graded materials for nuclear applicationsAmal Sasi0Madhulika Srivastava1K. Dash2Department of Physics, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Chennai, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Chennai, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Chennai, IndiaThe global acceptance of additive manufacturing has evolved with time and has proven to provide promising solutions to varied critical requirements of the nuclear industry. The components of a nuclear reactor, when built using additive manufacturing techniques, offer high microstructural control, making them versatile for a range of properties. These properties can be made easily achievable and tailorable by using functionally graded materials. The nuclear components with a wide range of properties are essential, as the environment inside and outside the reactor varies drastically. This study reviews the current progress in additive manufacturing techniques used for manufacturing functionally graded materials for nuclear applications, highlighting the gradient design methodologies and processing techniques. Additive Manufacturing techniques such as selective laser melting uses multiple powder feeders, and mechanical pre-mixing of powders along with controlled process parameters for effectively fabricating functionally graded materials. These materials possess superior mechanical properties (such as microhardness ranging up to 890 H00.5 and compressive strength up to 2040 MPa for FeCrCoNiMo0.5W0.75), thermal conductivity and thermal properties compared to monolithic counterparts. A comparative analysis of the manufacturing capabilities of the additive manufacturing techniques, along with the usage of advanced computational techniques such as AI in optimising process parameters for desirable strength and low defect generation, is also presented. The study emphasises on the need for strategies such as process parameters optimisation and data-driven design to fully utilise the potential of additively manufactured functionally graded materials in the nuclear sector.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnuen.2025.1603437/fulladditive manufacturingfunctionally graded materialnuclear componentgradient microstructuremachine learning |
| spellingShingle | Amal Sasi Madhulika Srivastava K. Dash Role of additive manufacturing in developing functionally graded materials for nuclear applications Frontiers in Nuclear Engineering additive manufacturing functionally graded material nuclear component gradient microstructure machine learning |
| title | Role of additive manufacturing in developing functionally graded materials for nuclear applications |
| title_full | Role of additive manufacturing in developing functionally graded materials for nuclear applications |
| title_fullStr | Role of additive manufacturing in developing functionally graded materials for nuclear applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of additive manufacturing in developing functionally graded materials for nuclear applications |
| title_short | Role of additive manufacturing in developing functionally graded materials for nuclear applications |
| title_sort | role of additive manufacturing in developing functionally graded materials for nuclear applications |
| topic | additive manufacturing functionally graded material nuclear component gradient microstructure machine learning |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnuen.2025.1603437/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT amalsasi roleofadditivemanufacturingindevelopingfunctionallygradedmaterialsfornuclearapplications AT madhulikasrivastava roleofadditivemanufacturingindevelopingfunctionallygradedmaterialsfornuclearapplications AT kdash roleofadditivemanufacturingindevelopingfunctionallygradedmaterialsfornuclearapplications |