Polyvinyl Alcohol Films Reinforced with Nanocellulose from Rice Husk
Progress in the field of biodegradable materials has been significantly accelerated in recent years, driven by the search for sustainable substitutes for fossil-derived resources. This study investigates the formulation of biodegradable films composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and nanocellulose ext...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-02-01
|
| Series: | Macromol |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6209/5/1/6 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850091579976450048 |
|---|---|
| author | Gabriel Monteiro Cholant Mariane Weirich Bosenbecker Alexandra Augusta Reichert Cesar Augusto Gonçalves Beatrice Thales Castilhos Freitas Naurienni Dutra Freitas Nathalia Vieira Villar de Nunes Alexandre Ferreira Galio André Luiz Missio Amanda Dantas de Oliveira |
| author_facet | Gabriel Monteiro Cholant Mariane Weirich Bosenbecker Alexandra Augusta Reichert Cesar Augusto Gonçalves Beatrice Thales Castilhos Freitas Naurienni Dutra Freitas Nathalia Vieira Villar de Nunes Alexandre Ferreira Galio André Luiz Missio Amanda Dantas de Oliveira |
| author_sort | Gabriel Monteiro Cholant |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Progress in the field of biodegradable materials has been significantly accelerated in recent years, driven by the search for sustainable substitutes for fossil-derived resources. This study investigates the formulation of biodegradable films composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and nanocellulose extracted from rice husk. The rice husk underwent alkaline treatment and bleaching for cellulose extraction, followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis to obtain nanocellulose. The cellulose and nanocellulose were characterized through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Films of pure PVA and those reinforced with 1 wt. % of nanocellulose were prepared using the solvent casting method. The evaluations showed that the modulus of elasticity and tensile strength of the PVA/nanocellulose films were increased by 295.45% and 29.6%, respectively, compared to the pure PVA film. The PVA/nanocellulose film exhibited the lowest solubility and water vapor permeability. Optical Microscopy confirmed a flawless surface for the nanocellulose-reinforced film, while the cellulose- and rice husk-reinforced films displayed irregularities. In the biodegradability assessment, the nanocellulose-reinforced film was the only one that withstood the experimental conditions. The results highlight the effectiveness of nanocellulose in enhancing PVA properties, making these films promising for sustainable packaging applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bf612d24926f4ae380a6e0164ea6e6dc |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2673-6209 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Macromol |
| spelling | doaj-art-bf612d24926f4ae380a6e0164ea6e6dc2025-08-20T02:42:21ZengMDPI AGMacromol2673-62092025-02-0151610.3390/macromol5010006Polyvinyl Alcohol Films Reinforced with Nanocellulose from Rice HuskGabriel Monteiro Cholant0Mariane Weirich Bosenbecker1Alexandra Augusta Reichert2Cesar Augusto Gonçalves Beatrice3Thales Castilhos Freitas4Naurienni Dutra Freitas5Nathalia Vieira Villar de Nunes6Alexandre Ferreira Galio7André Luiz Missio8Amanda Dantas de Oliveira9Technological Development Center—CDTec, Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering—PPGCEM, Federal University of Pelotas—UFPel, Pelotas 96010-610, RS, BrazilTechnological Development Center—CDTec, Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering—PPGCEM, Federal University of Pelotas—UFPel, Pelotas 96010-610, RS, BrazilTechnological Development Center—CDTec, Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering—PPGCEM, Federal University of Pelotas—UFPel, Pelotas 96010-610, RS, BrazilDepartment of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos—UFSCar, São Carlos 13565-905, SP, BrazilGraduate Program in Biodiversity and Nature Conservation (PPGBiodiversidade), Federal University of Juiz de Fora—UFJF, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, BrazilTechnological Development Center—CDTec, Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering—PPGCEM, Federal University of Pelotas—UFPel, Pelotas 96010-610, RS, BrazilTechnological Development Center—CDTec, Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering—PPGCEM, Federal University of Pelotas—UFPel, Pelotas 96010-610, RS, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPCEM), Federal University of Pampa—UNIPAMPA, Bagé 96413-170, RS, BrazilTechnological Development Center—CDTec, Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering—PPGCEM, Federal University of Pelotas—UFPel, Pelotas 96010-610, RS, BrazilTechnological Development Center—CDTec, Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering—PPGCEM, Federal University of Pelotas—UFPel, Pelotas 96010-610, RS, BrazilProgress in the field of biodegradable materials has been significantly accelerated in recent years, driven by the search for sustainable substitutes for fossil-derived resources. This study investigates the formulation of biodegradable films composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and nanocellulose extracted from rice husk. The rice husk underwent alkaline treatment and bleaching for cellulose extraction, followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis to obtain nanocellulose. The cellulose and nanocellulose were characterized through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Films of pure PVA and those reinforced with 1 wt. % of nanocellulose were prepared using the solvent casting method. The evaluations showed that the modulus of elasticity and tensile strength of the PVA/nanocellulose films were increased by 295.45% and 29.6%, respectively, compared to the pure PVA film. The PVA/nanocellulose film exhibited the lowest solubility and water vapor permeability. Optical Microscopy confirmed a flawless surface for the nanocellulose-reinforced film, while the cellulose- and rice husk-reinforced films displayed irregularities. In the biodegradability assessment, the nanocellulose-reinforced film was the only one that withstood the experimental conditions. The results highlight the effectiveness of nanocellulose in enhancing PVA properties, making these films promising for sustainable packaging applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6209/5/1/6agroindustrial wastesustainable materialscompositesbiodegradablepackaging |
| spellingShingle | Gabriel Monteiro Cholant Mariane Weirich Bosenbecker Alexandra Augusta Reichert Cesar Augusto Gonçalves Beatrice Thales Castilhos Freitas Naurienni Dutra Freitas Nathalia Vieira Villar de Nunes Alexandre Ferreira Galio André Luiz Missio Amanda Dantas de Oliveira Polyvinyl Alcohol Films Reinforced with Nanocellulose from Rice Husk Macromol agroindustrial waste sustainable materials composites biodegradable packaging |
| title | Polyvinyl Alcohol Films Reinforced with Nanocellulose from Rice Husk |
| title_full | Polyvinyl Alcohol Films Reinforced with Nanocellulose from Rice Husk |
| title_fullStr | Polyvinyl Alcohol Films Reinforced with Nanocellulose from Rice Husk |
| title_full_unstemmed | Polyvinyl Alcohol Films Reinforced with Nanocellulose from Rice Husk |
| title_short | Polyvinyl Alcohol Films Reinforced with Nanocellulose from Rice Husk |
| title_sort | polyvinyl alcohol films reinforced with nanocellulose from rice husk |
| topic | agroindustrial waste sustainable materials composites biodegradable packaging |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6209/5/1/6 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gabrielmonteirocholant polyvinylalcoholfilmsreinforcedwithnanocellulosefromricehusk AT marianeweirichbosenbecker polyvinylalcoholfilmsreinforcedwithnanocellulosefromricehusk AT alexandraaugustareichert polyvinylalcoholfilmsreinforcedwithnanocellulosefromricehusk AT cesaraugustogoncalvesbeatrice polyvinylalcoholfilmsreinforcedwithnanocellulosefromricehusk AT thalescastilhosfreitas polyvinylalcoholfilmsreinforcedwithnanocellulosefromricehusk AT nauriennidutrafreitas polyvinylalcoholfilmsreinforcedwithnanocellulosefromricehusk AT nathaliavieiravillardenunes polyvinylalcoholfilmsreinforcedwithnanocellulosefromricehusk AT alexandreferreiragalio polyvinylalcoholfilmsreinforcedwithnanocellulosefromricehusk AT andreluizmissio polyvinylalcoholfilmsreinforcedwithnanocellulosefromricehusk AT amandadantasdeoliveira polyvinylalcoholfilmsreinforcedwithnanocellulosefromricehusk |