Child-Staff Ratios in Early Childhood Education and Care Settings and Child Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Child-staff ratios are a key quality indicator in early childhood education and care (ECEC) programs. Better ratios are believed to improve child outcomes by increasing opportunities for individual interactions and educational instruction from staff. The purpose of this systematic review, and where...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Michal Perlman, Brooke Fletcher, Olesya Falenchuk, Ashley Brunsek, Evelyn McMullen, Prakesh S Shah
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2017-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0170256
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850169552874242048
author Michal Perlman
Brooke Fletcher
Olesya Falenchuk
Ashley Brunsek
Evelyn McMullen
Prakesh S Shah
author_facet Michal Perlman
Brooke Fletcher
Olesya Falenchuk
Ashley Brunsek
Evelyn McMullen
Prakesh S Shah
author_sort Michal Perlman
collection DOAJ
description Child-staff ratios are a key quality indicator in early childhood education and care (ECEC) programs. Better ratios are believed to improve child outcomes by increasing opportunities for individual interactions and educational instruction from staff. The purpose of this systematic review, and where possible, meta-analysis, was to evaluate the association between child-staff ratios in preschool ECEC programs and children's outcomes. Searches of Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC, websites of large datasets and reference sections of all retrieved articles were conducted up to July 3, 2015. Cross-sectional or longitudinal studies that evaluated the relationship between child-staff ratios in ECEC classrooms serving preschool aged children and child outcomes were independently identified by two reviewers. Data were independently extracted from included studies by two raters and differences between raters were resolved by consensus. Searches revealed 29 eligible studies (31 samples). Child-staff ratios ranged from 5 to 14.5 preschool-aged children per adult with a mean of 8.65. All 29 studies were included in the systematic review. However, the only meta-analysis that could be conducted was based on three studies that explored associations between ratios and children's receptive language. Results of this meta-analysis were not significant. Results of the qualitative systematic review revealed few significant relationships between child-staff ratios and child outcomes construed broadly. Thus, the available literature reveal few, if any, relationships between child-staff ratios in preschool ECEC programs and children's developmental outcomes. Substantial heterogeneity in the assessment of ratios, outcomes measured, and statistics used to capture associations limited quantitative synthesis. Other methodological limitations of the research integrated in this synthesis are discussed.
format Article
id doaj-art-bf4fc65a16cf4c95a2b4deee3f416c3d
institution OA Journals
issn 1932-6203
language English
publishDate 2017-01-01
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
record_format Article
series PLoS ONE
spelling doaj-art-bf4fc65a16cf4c95a2b4deee3f416c3d2025-08-20T02:20:41ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032017-01-01121e017025610.1371/journal.pone.0170256Child-Staff Ratios in Early Childhood Education and Care Settings and Child Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Michal PerlmanBrooke FletcherOlesya FalenchukAshley BrunsekEvelyn McMullenPrakesh S ShahChild-staff ratios are a key quality indicator in early childhood education and care (ECEC) programs. Better ratios are believed to improve child outcomes by increasing opportunities for individual interactions and educational instruction from staff. The purpose of this systematic review, and where possible, meta-analysis, was to evaluate the association between child-staff ratios in preschool ECEC programs and children's outcomes. Searches of Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC, websites of large datasets and reference sections of all retrieved articles were conducted up to July 3, 2015. Cross-sectional or longitudinal studies that evaluated the relationship between child-staff ratios in ECEC classrooms serving preschool aged children and child outcomes were independently identified by two reviewers. Data were independently extracted from included studies by two raters and differences between raters were resolved by consensus. Searches revealed 29 eligible studies (31 samples). Child-staff ratios ranged from 5 to 14.5 preschool-aged children per adult with a mean of 8.65. All 29 studies were included in the systematic review. However, the only meta-analysis that could be conducted was based on three studies that explored associations between ratios and children's receptive language. Results of this meta-analysis were not significant. Results of the qualitative systematic review revealed few significant relationships between child-staff ratios and child outcomes construed broadly. Thus, the available literature reveal few, if any, relationships between child-staff ratios in preschool ECEC programs and children's developmental outcomes. Substantial heterogeneity in the assessment of ratios, outcomes measured, and statistics used to capture associations limited quantitative synthesis. Other methodological limitations of the research integrated in this synthesis are discussed.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0170256
spellingShingle Michal Perlman
Brooke Fletcher
Olesya Falenchuk
Ashley Brunsek
Evelyn McMullen
Prakesh S Shah
Child-Staff Ratios in Early Childhood Education and Care Settings and Child Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
PLoS ONE
title Child-Staff Ratios in Early Childhood Education and Care Settings and Child Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
title_full Child-Staff Ratios in Early Childhood Education and Care Settings and Child Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
title_fullStr Child-Staff Ratios in Early Childhood Education and Care Settings and Child Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
title_full_unstemmed Child-Staff Ratios in Early Childhood Education and Care Settings and Child Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
title_short Child-Staff Ratios in Early Childhood Education and Care Settings and Child Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
title_sort child staff ratios in early childhood education and care settings and child outcomes a systematic review and meta analysis
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0170256
work_keys_str_mv AT michalperlman childstaffratiosinearlychildhoodeducationandcaresettingsandchildoutcomesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT brookefletcher childstaffratiosinearlychildhoodeducationandcaresettingsandchildoutcomesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT olesyafalenchuk childstaffratiosinearlychildhoodeducationandcaresettingsandchildoutcomesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT ashleybrunsek childstaffratiosinearlychildhoodeducationandcaresettingsandchildoutcomesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT evelynmcmullen childstaffratiosinearlychildhoodeducationandcaresettingsandchildoutcomesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT prakeshsshah childstaffratiosinearlychildhoodeducationandcaresettingsandchildoutcomesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis