Bionomics of the primary arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in southeastern Benin

Abstract Background The main vectors of arboviruses, such as Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, are present in Benin and deserve special attention in dengue prevention policies. In this context, the current study was initiated to provide information on the biology, ecology, including feeding behavi...

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Main Authors: Alphonse Keller Konkon, David Mahouton Zoungbédji, Rock Aïkpon, Isidore Hoyochi, Albert Sourou Salako, Camus Konkon, Antoine Salomon Lokossou, Brice Dangnon, Lamine Baba-Moussa, Martin Codjo Akogbéto, Germain Gil Padonou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:Tropical Medicine and Health
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-025-00794-6
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author Alphonse Keller Konkon
David Mahouton Zoungbédji
Rock Aïkpon
Isidore Hoyochi
Albert Sourou Salako
Camus Konkon
Antoine Salomon Lokossou
Brice Dangnon
Lamine Baba-Moussa
Martin Codjo Akogbéto
Germain Gil Padonou
author_facet Alphonse Keller Konkon
David Mahouton Zoungbédji
Rock Aïkpon
Isidore Hoyochi
Albert Sourou Salako
Camus Konkon
Antoine Salomon Lokossou
Brice Dangnon
Lamine Baba-Moussa
Martin Codjo Akogbéto
Germain Gil Padonou
author_sort Alphonse Keller Konkon
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background The main vectors of arboviruses, such as Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, are present in Benin and deserve special attention in dengue prevention policies. In this context, the current study was initiated to provide information on the biology, ecology, including feeding behavior and life expectancy of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in southern Benin. Method A larval survey was conducted in conjunction with a human landing catch (HLC), a Prokopak aspirator catch, and a survey of Aedes spp. breeding sites. The ovary dissection method was used to determine the age of the vectors. This allowed to assess the biology, ecology, exophagy or endophagy, and age expectancy of both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in southeastern Benin. Results A total of 11 mosquito species were collected, with Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus showing the highest relative abundances, ranging, respectively, from 29.57% to 43.99% and from 16.26% to 45.65%, depending on the sampling method employed. Used tires accounted for 48.03% [45.06; 50.99] of all deposits found and were the most infested with Aedes spp. larvae, followed by buckets (14.23%) and jars (15.24%). The two main Aedes species studied (Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus) are more aggressive outdoors than indoors. Two peaks of aggressiveness were generally observed for both species: a first cycle in the morning from 7 a.m. to 11 a.m. and a second cycle in the evening from 4 p.m. to 7 p.m. A total of 76.47% of the Aedes aegypti and 81.21% of the Aedes albopictus samples were parous. Conclusion Used tires and household containers (jars, water buckets, etc.) are the main breeding sites for Aedes spp., underscoring the importance of educating people about good water management habits. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, the main vectors of arboviruses, are exophagous and highly aggressive outdoors, with critical periods for human exposure, particularly in the morning and at the end of the day. Most of the collected females have already laid eggs (parous) and therefore are potentially susceptible to transmitting pathogens.
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spelling doaj-art-bf3e46c3d96142c4978e8fbf030cd3002025-08-24T11:51:04ZengBMCTropical Medicine and Health1349-41472025-08-0153111010.1186/s41182-025-00794-6Bionomics of the primary arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in southeastern BeninAlphonse Keller Konkon0David Mahouton Zoungbédji1Rock Aïkpon2Isidore Hoyochi3Albert Sourou Salako4Camus Konkon5Antoine Salomon Lokossou6Brice Dangnon7Lamine Baba-Moussa8Martin Codjo Akogbéto9Germain Gil Padonou10Centre de Recherche entomologique de Cotonou (CREC)Centre de Recherche entomologique de Cotonou (CREC)Ministère de la SantéCentre de Recherche entomologique de Cotonou (CREC)Centre de Recherche entomologique de Cotonou (CREC)École de gestion et d’exploitation des systèmes d’élevage, Université Nationale d’Agriculture de Porto-NovoCentre de Recherche entomologique de Cotonou (CREC)Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cellular BiologyFaculté des Sciences et Techniques de l, Université d’Abomey-CalaviCentre de Recherche entomologique de Cotonou (CREC)Centre de Recherche entomologique de Cotonou (CREC)Abstract Background The main vectors of arboviruses, such as Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, are present in Benin and deserve special attention in dengue prevention policies. In this context, the current study was initiated to provide information on the biology, ecology, including feeding behavior and life expectancy of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in southern Benin. Method A larval survey was conducted in conjunction with a human landing catch (HLC), a Prokopak aspirator catch, and a survey of Aedes spp. breeding sites. The ovary dissection method was used to determine the age of the vectors. This allowed to assess the biology, ecology, exophagy or endophagy, and age expectancy of both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in southeastern Benin. Results A total of 11 mosquito species were collected, with Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus showing the highest relative abundances, ranging, respectively, from 29.57% to 43.99% and from 16.26% to 45.65%, depending on the sampling method employed. Used tires accounted for 48.03% [45.06; 50.99] of all deposits found and were the most infested with Aedes spp. larvae, followed by buckets (14.23%) and jars (15.24%). The two main Aedes species studied (Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus) are more aggressive outdoors than indoors. Two peaks of aggressiveness were generally observed for both species: a first cycle in the morning from 7 a.m. to 11 a.m. and a second cycle in the evening from 4 p.m. to 7 p.m. A total of 76.47% of the Aedes aegypti and 81.21% of the Aedes albopictus samples were parous. Conclusion Used tires and household containers (jars, water buckets, etc.) are the main breeding sites for Aedes spp., underscoring the importance of educating people about good water management habits. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, the main vectors of arboviruses, are exophagous and highly aggressive outdoors, with critical periods for human exposure, particularly in the morning and at the end of the day. Most of the collected females have already laid eggs (parous) and therefore are potentially susceptible to transmitting pathogens.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-025-00794-6
spellingShingle Alphonse Keller Konkon
David Mahouton Zoungbédji
Rock Aïkpon
Isidore Hoyochi
Albert Sourou Salako
Camus Konkon
Antoine Salomon Lokossou
Brice Dangnon
Lamine Baba-Moussa
Martin Codjo Akogbéto
Germain Gil Padonou
Bionomics of the primary arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in southeastern Benin
Tropical Medicine and Health
title Bionomics of the primary arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in southeastern Benin
title_full Bionomics of the primary arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in southeastern Benin
title_fullStr Bionomics of the primary arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in southeastern Benin
title_full_unstemmed Bionomics of the primary arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in southeastern Benin
title_short Bionomics of the primary arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in southeastern Benin
title_sort bionomics of the primary arbovirus vectors aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in southeastern benin
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-025-00794-6
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