Chronic Pain in University Students: Biopsychosocial Factors and their Functional Impact

Introduction. Non-cancer chronic pain is a significant global public health issue, particularly within specific populations, and is shaped by a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors. University students face unique lifestyle challenges that may increase their vulnerabil...

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Main Authors: Diego Mabe Castro, Pablo Mancilla Pardo, Matías Munzenmayer Morata, Antonia Aracelli Cornejo Soto, Matías Castillo-Aguilar, Matías Mabe-Castro, Carla Basualto-Alarcón, Cristian Núñez-Espinosa
Format: Article
Language:Spanish
Published: Fundación Universitaria María Cano 2025-08-01
Series:Revista de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias de la Salud
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Online Access:https://riics.info/index.php/RCMC/article/view/465
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author Diego Mabe Castro
Pablo Mancilla Pardo
Matías Munzenmayer Morata
Antonia Aracelli Cornejo Soto
Matías Castillo-Aguilar
Matías Mabe-Castro
Carla Basualto-Alarcón
Cristian Núñez-Espinosa
author_facet Diego Mabe Castro
Pablo Mancilla Pardo
Matías Munzenmayer Morata
Antonia Aracelli Cornejo Soto
Matías Castillo-Aguilar
Matías Mabe-Castro
Carla Basualto-Alarcón
Cristian Núñez-Espinosa
author_sort Diego Mabe Castro
collection DOAJ
description Introduction. Non-cancer chronic pain is a significant global public health issue, particularly within specific populations, and is shaped by a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors. University students face unique lifestyle challenges that may increase their vulnerability to chronic pain and its associated functional impairments. However, this population remains underrepresented in research, leaving important gaps in our understanding. Aim. This study explored the relationship between non-cancer chronic pain, its presence, characteristics, and functional impact, and biopsychosocial factors linked to university life, including physical activity, sleep quality, and mental health. Methods. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 157 full-time students from two universities in Chile's Austral Macrozone. Data were collected using online questionnaires assessing pain, sociodemographic information, sleep, chronotype, physical activity, and mental health. Statistical analyses were carried out using Bayesian modeling. Results. Females had a higher risk of chronic pain (exp(β) = 6.96), with greater intensity and functional impact. Engineering students were at higher risk compared to health sciences (exp(β) = 7.69), and health sciences compared to social sciences (exp(β) = 3.89). Moderate physical activity showed a protective effect against pain (exp(β) = 2.95). Matutine chronotypes and better sleep quality were linked to reduced functional impact and pain frequency. Conclusion. Biopsychosocial variables —including sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity levels, mental health, and sleep quality— were significantly associated with the presence, frequency, and functional consequences of chronic pain among Chilean university students. These findings highlight the importance of addressing such factors in the development of preventive and management strategies targeting chronic pain in this population.
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spelling doaj-art-bf26cf04fd2445d9976cc00c49c03da62025-08-20T02:58:21ZspaFundación Universitaria María CanoRevista de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias de la Salud2665-20562025-08-017210.46634/riics.465Chronic Pain in University Students: Biopsychosocial Factors and their Functional ImpactDiego Mabe Castro0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6663-2153Pablo Mancilla Pardo1https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5732-6773Matías Munzenmayer Morata2https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4950-8737Antonia Aracelli Cornejo Soto3https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2217-6904Matías Castillo-Aguilar4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7291-247XMatías Mabe-Castro5https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6577-8620Carla Basualto-Alarcón6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0934-8201Cristian Núñez-Espinosa7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9896-7062University of MagallanesUniversity of MagallanesUniversity of MagallanesUniversity of MagallanesUniversity of MagallanesUniversity of MagallanesUniversidad de AysénUniversity of Magallanes Introduction. Non-cancer chronic pain is a significant global public health issue, particularly within specific populations, and is shaped by a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors. University students face unique lifestyle challenges that may increase their vulnerability to chronic pain and its associated functional impairments. However, this population remains underrepresented in research, leaving important gaps in our understanding. Aim. This study explored the relationship between non-cancer chronic pain, its presence, characteristics, and functional impact, and biopsychosocial factors linked to university life, including physical activity, sleep quality, and mental health. Methods. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 157 full-time students from two universities in Chile's Austral Macrozone. Data were collected using online questionnaires assessing pain, sociodemographic information, sleep, chronotype, physical activity, and mental health. Statistical analyses were carried out using Bayesian modeling. Results. Females had a higher risk of chronic pain (exp(β) = 6.96), with greater intensity and functional impact. Engineering students were at higher risk compared to health sciences (exp(β) = 7.69), and health sciences compared to social sciences (exp(β) = 3.89). Moderate physical activity showed a protective effect against pain (exp(β) = 2.95). Matutine chronotypes and better sleep quality were linked to reduced functional impact and pain frequency. Conclusion. Biopsychosocial variables —including sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity levels, mental health, and sleep quality— were significantly associated with the presence, frequency, and functional consequences of chronic pain among Chilean university students. These findings highlight the importance of addressing such factors in the development of preventive and management strategies targeting chronic pain in this population. https://riics.info/index.php/RCMC/article/view/465Chronic painPain measurementBiopsychosocial modelSex factorsHealth behavior
spellingShingle Diego Mabe Castro
Pablo Mancilla Pardo
Matías Munzenmayer Morata
Antonia Aracelli Cornejo Soto
Matías Castillo-Aguilar
Matías Mabe-Castro
Carla Basualto-Alarcón
Cristian Núñez-Espinosa
Chronic Pain in University Students: Biopsychosocial Factors and their Functional Impact
Revista de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias de la Salud
Chronic pain
Pain measurement
Biopsychosocial model
Sex factors
Health behavior
title Chronic Pain in University Students: Biopsychosocial Factors and their Functional Impact
title_full Chronic Pain in University Students: Biopsychosocial Factors and their Functional Impact
title_fullStr Chronic Pain in University Students: Biopsychosocial Factors and their Functional Impact
title_full_unstemmed Chronic Pain in University Students: Biopsychosocial Factors and their Functional Impact
title_short Chronic Pain in University Students: Biopsychosocial Factors and their Functional Impact
title_sort chronic pain in university students biopsychosocial factors and their functional impact
topic Chronic pain
Pain measurement
Biopsychosocial model
Sex factors
Health behavior
url https://riics.info/index.php/RCMC/article/view/465
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