Effects of multisensory simultaneity judgment training on the comprehension and cortical processing of speech in noise: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Understanding speech in noise can be facilitated by integrating auditory and visual speech cues. Audiovisual temporal acuity, which can be indexed by the temporal binding window (TBW), is critical for this process and can be enhanced through simultaneity judgment training. We hypothesized t...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ansley J. Kunnath, Hannah S. Bertisch, Andrew S. Kim, René H. Gifford, Mark T. Wallace
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-04-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96121-4
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850146320121069568
author Ansley J. Kunnath
Hannah S. Bertisch
Andrew S. Kim
René H. Gifford
Mark T. Wallace
author_facet Ansley J. Kunnath
Hannah S. Bertisch
Andrew S. Kim
René H. Gifford
Mark T. Wallace
author_sort Ansley J. Kunnath
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Understanding speech in noise can be facilitated by integrating auditory and visual speech cues. Audiovisual temporal acuity, which can be indexed by the temporal binding window (TBW), is critical for this process and can be enhanced through simultaneity judgment training. We hypothesized that multisensory training would narrow the TBW and improve speech understanding in noise. Participants were randomized to receive either training and testing (n = 15) or testing-only (n = 15) over three days. Trained participants demonstrated significant narrowing in their mean TBW size (403ms to 345ms; p = 0.030), whereas control participants did not (409ms to 474ms; p = 0.061). Although there were no group-level changes in word recognition scores, trained participants with larger TBW decreases exhibited larger improvements in auditory word recognition in noise (R2 = 0.291; p = 0.038). Individual differences in responses to training were found to be related to differences in cortical speech processing using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Low audiovisual-evoked activity in the left middle temporal gyrus (R2 = 0.87; p = 0.006), left angular and superior temporal gyrus (R2 = 0.85; p = 0.006), and visual cortices (R2 = 0.74; p = 0.041) was associated with larger improvements in auditory word recognition after training. Multisensory training transfers benefits to speech comprehension in noise, and this effect may be mediated by upregulating activity in multisensory cortical networks for individuals with low baseline activity.
format Article
id doaj-art-bf23e7b62da6492297d7f70d1bf5af33
institution OA Journals
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-bf23e7b62da6492297d7f70d1bf5af332025-08-20T02:27:53ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-04-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-96121-4Effects of multisensory simultaneity judgment training on the comprehension and cortical processing of speech in noise: a randomized controlled trialAnsley J. Kunnath0Hannah S. Bertisch1Andrew S. Kim2René H. Gifford3Mark T. Wallace4Vanderbilt University School of MedicineVanderbilt UniversityVanderbilt UniversityVanderbilt Brain InstituteVanderbilt Brain InstituteAbstract Understanding speech in noise can be facilitated by integrating auditory and visual speech cues. Audiovisual temporal acuity, which can be indexed by the temporal binding window (TBW), is critical for this process and can be enhanced through simultaneity judgment training. We hypothesized that multisensory training would narrow the TBW and improve speech understanding in noise. Participants were randomized to receive either training and testing (n = 15) or testing-only (n = 15) over three days. Trained participants demonstrated significant narrowing in their mean TBW size (403ms to 345ms; p = 0.030), whereas control participants did not (409ms to 474ms; p = 0.061). Although there were no group-level changes in word recognition scores, trained participants with larger TBW decreases exhibited larger improvements in auditory word recognition in noise (R2 = 0.291; p = 0.038). Individual differences in responses to training were found to be related to differences in cortical speech processing using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Low audiovisual-evoked activity in the left middle temporal gyrus (R2 = 0.87; p = 0.006), left angular and superior temporal gyrus (R2 = 0.85; p = 0.006), and visual cortices (R2 = 0.74; p = 0.041) was associated with larger improvements in auditory word recognition after training. Multisensory training transfers benefits to speech comprehension in noise, and this effect may be mediated by upregulating activity in multisensory cortical networks for individuals with low baseline activity.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96121-4Multisensory integrationAudiovisual trainingSimultaneity judgmentSpeech in noisePerceptual plasticityfNIRS
spellingShingle Ansley J. Kunnath
Hannah S. Bertisch
Andrew S. Kim
René H. Gifford
Mark T. Wallace
Effects of multisensory simultaneity judgment training on the comprehension and cortical processing of speech in noise: a randomized controlled trial
Scientific Reports
Multisensory integration
Audiovisual training
Simultaneity judgment
Speech in noise
Perceptual plasticity
fNIRS
title Effects of multisensory simultaneity judgment training on the comprehension and cortical processing of speech in noise: a randomized controlled trial
title_full Effects of multisensory simultaneity judgment training on the comprehension and cortical processing of speech in noise: a randomized controlled trial
title_fullStr Effects of multisensory simultaneity judgment training on the comprehension and cortical processing of speech in noise: a randomized controlled trial
title_full_unstemmed Effects of multisensory simultaneity judgment training on the comprehension and cortical processing of speech in noise: a randomized controlled trial
title_short Effects of multisensory simultaneity judgment training on the comprehension and cortical processing of speech in noise: a randomized controlled trial
title_sort effects of multisensory simultaneity judgment training on the comprehension and cortical processing of speech in noise a randomized controlled trial
topic Multisensory integration
Audiovisual training
Simultaneity judgment
Speech in noise
Perceptual plasticity
fNIRS
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96121-4
work_keys_str_mv AT ansleyjkunnath effectsofmultisensorysimultaneityjudgmenttrainingonthecomprehensionandcorticalprocessingofspeechinnoisearandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT hannahsbertisch effectsofmultisensorysimultaneityjudgmenttrainingonthecomprehensionandcorticalprocessingofspeechinnoisearandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT andrewskim effectsofmultisensorysimultaneityjudgmenttrainingonthecomprehensionandcorticalprocessingofspeechinnoisearandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT renehgifford effectsofmultisensorysimultaneityjudgmenttrainingonthecomprehensionandcorticalprocessingofspeechinnoisearandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT marktwallace effectsofmultisensorysimultaneityjudgmenttrainingonthecomprehensionandcorticalprocessingofspeechinnoisearandomizedcontrolledtrial