Development of Thermally Insulating Nonwovens from Milkweed Fibers Using an Air-Laid Spike Process

Milkweed (MW) fiber is a natural fiber that provides tremendous thermal insulation properties due to its lightweight hollow structure. This study aimed to investigate the effect of milkweed fiber as a thermal fiber in nonwovens. Milkweed fibers were blended with a low-melt fiber consisting of a poly...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Deborah Lupescu, Mathieu Robert, Simon Sanchez-Diaz, Said Elkoun
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Textiles
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7248/5/1/5
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Summary:Milkweed (MW) fiber is a natural fiber that provides tremendous thermal insulation properties due to its lightweight hollow structure. This study aimed to investigate the effect of milkweed fiber as a thermal fiber in nonwovens. Milkweed fibers were blended with a low-melt fiber consisting of a polyethylene terephthalate core, a polyolefin sheath (LM 2.2), and polylactic acid (PLA) fiber. Nonwovens with different fiber contents were manufactured using an air-laid Spike process to determine their effect on thermal and mechanical properties. Then, the nonwovens were compared with Thinsulate<sup>®</sup> and Primaloft<sup>®</sup>, two commercially synthetic insulation products. Structural properties, including mass per unit area, thickness, and porosity and thermal properties were studied. Furthermore, compression and short-term compression recovery were also evaluated. The results revealed that milkweed-based nonwovens that contained 50 wt% or 70 wt% of milkweed presented a lower thermal conductivity than synthetic nonwovens. Milkweed nonwovens of the same thickness provided identical thermal resistance as Thinsulate<sup>®</sup> and Primaloft. Sample 3, composed of 50 wt% MW, 20 wt% LM 2.2, and 30 wt% PLA, demonstrated the same thermal insulation as Thinsulate<sup>®</sup> with a weight three times lighter. Milkweed nonwovens presented higher moisture regain values than Thinsulate<sup>®</sup> and Primaloft<sup>®,</sup> without affecting thermal conductivity.
ISSN:2673-7248