Comparison of clinical efficacy and secondary infections between conventional-dose and high-dose glucocorticoid in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: a dual-center retrospective cohort study

Abstract Background Glucocorticoids (GC) are commonly administered during the febrile and hypotensive phases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) to alleviate inflammation and capillary leakage. However, clinical dosing regimens show marked variability. This study aims to evaluate the cli...

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Main Authors: Denghui Yu, Jiayi Zhan, Hong Du, Pingping Zhu, Haifeng Hu, Hongkai Xu, Ludan Zhang, Fei Hu, Zhanhu Bi, Xiaofei Yang, Yanping Li, Jianqi Lian
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:BMC Infectious Diseases
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11148-2
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author Denghui Yu
Jiayi Zhan
Hong Du
Pingping Zhu
Haifeng Hu
Hongkai Xu
Ludan Zhang
Fei Hu
Zhanhu Bi
Xiaofei Yang
Yanping Li
Jianqi Lian
author_facet Denghui Yu
Jiayi Zhan
Hong Du
Pingping Zhu
Haifeng Hu
Hongkai Xu
Ludan Zhang
Fei Hu
Zhanhu Bi
Xiaofei Yang
Yanping Li
Jianqi Lian
author_sort Denghui Yu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Glucocorticoids (GC) are commonly administered during the febrile and hypotensive phases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) to alleviate inflammation and capillary leakage. However, clinical dosing regimens show marked variability. This study aims to evaluate the clinical necessity of high-dose GC therapy during the acute phase of HFRS. Methods A retrospective study involving 807 HFRS patients admitted to two centers was conducted. Propensity score matching and multivariate logistic regression models were used to compare the effects of conventional-dose and high-dose GC on HFRS treatment outcomes and the risk of secondary infections. Results There were no significant differences in hospital stay, acute-phase fluid requirement, renal replacement rates, mechanical ventilation needs, severe hemorrhagic complications, or mortality between HFRS patients receiving conventional or high-dose GC. Among patients with a shock phase, the secondary infections rate was significantly higher with high-dose GC compared to conventional-dose (43.48% vs. 23.91%, p = 0.005). High-dose GC emerged as an independent risk factor for secondary infections (OR 2.88, 95%CI 1.41–5.88), while prophylactic antibiotics served as an independent protective factor (OR 0.29, 95%CI 0.13–0.65). In patients without a shock phase, no significant difference was observed in the effect of the two GC doses on secondary infections. However, GC therapy ≥ 4 days was an independent risk factor (OR 2.54, 95%CI 1.21–5.37). Conclusions High-dose GC show no superiority over conventional-dose GC on hospital stay, acute-phase fluid requirement, renal replacement rates, mechanical ventilation needs, severe hemorrhagic complications, or mortality. High-dose GC may increase secondary infections in HFRS patients with a shock phase. GC therapy ≥ 4 days may also increase secondary infections in patients without a shock phase.
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spelling doaj-art-beca6e834f9848d38d9b6fa009c8089d2025-08-20T02:39:02ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342025-05-0125111010.1186/s12879-025-11148-2Comparison of clinical efficacy and secondary infections between conventional-dose and high-dose glucocorticoid in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: a dual-center retrospective cohort studyDenghui Yu0Jiayi Zhan1Hong Du2Pingping Zhu3Haifeng Hu4Hongkai Xu5Ludan Zhang6Fei Hu7Zhanhu Bi8Xiaofei Yang9Yanping Li10Jianqi Lian11Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical UniversityDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical UniversityDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical UniversityDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Air Force Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLADepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical UniversityDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical UniversityDepartment of Infectious Diseases, the Eighth Hospital of Xi ’anDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical UniversityDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical UniversityDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical UniversityDepartment of Infectious Diseases, the Eighth Hospital of Xi ’anDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical UniversityAbstract Background Glucocorticoids (GC) are commonly administered during the febrile and hypotensive phases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) to alleviate inflammation and capillary leakage. However, clinical dosing regimens show marked variability. This study aims to evaluate the clinical necessity of high-dose GC therapy during the acute phase of HFRS. Methods A retrospective study involving 807 HFRS patients admitted to two centers was conducted. Propensity score matching and multivariate logistic regression models were used to compare the effects of conventional-dose and high-dose GC on HFRS treatment outcomes and the risk of secondary infections. Results There were no significant differences in hospital stay, acute-phase fluid requirement, renal replacement rates, mechanical ventilation needs, severe hemorrhagic complications, or mortality between HFRS patients receiving conventional or high-dose GC. Among patients with a shock phase, the secondary infections rate was significantly higher with high-dose GC compared to conventional-dose (43.48% vs. 23.91%, p = 0.005). High-dose GC emerged as an independent risk factor for secondary infections (OR 2.88, 95%CI 1.41–5.88), while prophylactic antibiotics served as an independent protective factor (OR 0.29, 95%CI 0.13–0.65). In patients without a shock phase, no significant difference was observed in the effect of the two GC doses on secondary infections. However, GC therapy ≥ 4 days was an independent risk factor (OR 2.54, 95%CI 1.21–5.37). Conclusions High-dose GC show no superiority over conventional-dose GC on hospital stay, acute-phase fluid requirement, renal replacement rates, mechanical ventilation needs, severe hemorrhagic complications, or mortality. High-dose GC may increase secondary infections in HFRS patients with a shock phase. GC therapy ≥ 4 days may also increase secondary infections in patients without a shock phase.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11148-2Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndromeGlucocorticoidsClinical efficacySecondary infectionsPropensity score matching
spellingShingle Denghui Yu
Jiayi Zhan
Hong Du
Pingping Zhu
Haifeng Hu
Hongkai Xu
Ludan Zhang
Fei Hu
Zhanhu Bi
Xiaofei Yang
Yanping Li
Jianqi Lian
Comparison of clinical efficacy and secondary infections between conventional-dose and high-dose glucocorticoid in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: a dual-center retrospective cohort study
BMC Infectious Diseases
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
Glucocorticoids
Clinical efficacy
Secondary infections
Propensity score matching
title Comparison of clinical efficacy and secondary infections between conventional-dose and high-dose glucocorticoid in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: a dual-center retrospective cohort study
title_full Comparison of clinical efficacy and secondary infections between conventional-dose and high-dose glucocorticoid in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: a dual-center retrospective cohort study
title_fullStr Comparison of clinical efficacy and secondary infections between conventional-dose and high-dose glucocorticoid in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: a dual-center retrospective cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of clinical efficacy and secondary infections between conventional-dose and high-dose glucocorticoid in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: a dual-center retrospective cohort study
title_short Comparison of clinical efficacy and secondary infections between conventional-dose and high-dose glucocorticoid in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: a dual-center retrospective cohort study
title_sort comparison of clinical efficacy and secondary infections between conventional dose and high dose glucocorticoid in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome a dual center retrospective cohort study
topic Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
Glucocorticoids
Clinical efficacy
Secondary infections
Propensity score matching
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11148-2
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