Cortisol Secretion in Obesity Revisited: Lower Basal Serum and Salivary Cortisol with Diminished Cortisol Response to the Low Dose ACTH Challenge

Introduction: Some clinical resemblance may exist between obesity, particularly abdominal obesity, and Cushing’s syndrome. This has stimulated ongoing interest in the role of cortisol’s secretion pattern, control, and metabolism in obesity. Goals: The aim of the study was to investigate w...

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Main Authors: Yael Sofer, Esther Osher, Wiessam Abu Ahmad, Yona Greenman, Yaffa Moshe, Sigal Shaklai, Marianna Yaron, Merav Serebro, Karen Tordjman, Naftali Stern
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Karger Publishers 2025-01-01
Series:Obesity Facts
Online Access:https://karger.com/article/doi/10.1159/000543449
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author Yael Sofer
Esther Osher
Wiessam Abu Ahmad
Yona Greenman
Yaffa Moshe
Sigal Shaklai
Marianna Yaron
Merav Serebro
Karen Tordjman
Naftali Stern
author_facet Yael Sofer
Esther Osher
Wiessam Abu Ahmad
Yona Greenman
Yaffa Moshe
Sigal Shaklai
Marianna Yaron
Merav Serebro
Karen Tordjman
Naftali Stern
author_sort Yael Sofer
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Some clinical resemblance may exist between obesity, particularly abdominal obesity, and Cushing’s syndrome. This has stimulated ongoing interest in the role of cortisol’s secretion pattern, control, and metabolism in obesity. Goals: The aim of the study was to investigate whether basal and stimulated levels of cortisol differ between healthy people with obesity and individuals with normal weight. Methods: Total, free, and salivary cortisol was tested at baseline state and after 1 μg ACTH stimulation in 60 healthy subjects with obesity and 54 healthy lean controls. Results: Baseline total cortisol was lower in subjects with obesity compared to lean controls (347 [265–452] nmol/L vs. 422 [328–493] nmol/L, respectively; p < 0.05). Similarly, basal salivary cortisol was significantly lower in subjects with obesity (7.5 [5.2–9.7] nmol/L vs. 10.7 [7.5–17.6] nmol/L; p < 0.05). Upon challenge with ACTH, total peak serum and salivary peak cortisol responses were significantly lower in people with obesity than in lean subjects (665.16 ± 151.8 vs. 728.64 ± 124.2 nmol/L; p < 0.05 and 31.66 [19–38.64] vs. 40.05 [31.46–46.64] nmol/L; p < 0.05, respectively). Additionally, baseline total cortisol and salivary cortisol were inversely related to BMI (r = −0.24, r = −0.27; p < 0.05 for both) and waist circumference (r = −0.27, r = −0.34; p < 0.05 for both). Conclusion: Baseline as well as peak stimulated total serum and salivary cortisol were significantly lower in subjects with obesity. It thus appears that obesity is not associated with enhanced basal or ACTH-stimulated cortisol.
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spelling doaj-art-beb0e5e24f5b4cf48db14f2a168643422025-08-20T01:51:03ZengKarger PublishersObesity Facts1662-40332025-01-0118217818610.1159/000543449Cortisol Secretion in Obesity Revisited: Lower Basal Serum and Salivary Cortisol with Diminished Cortisol Response to the Low Dose ACTH ChallengeYael SoferEsther OsherWiessam Abu AhmadYona GreenmanYaffa MosheSigal ShaklaiMarianna YaronMerav SerebroKaren TordjmanNaftali Stern Introduction: Some clinical resemblance may exist between obesity, particularly abdominal obesity, and Cushing’s syndrome. This has stimulated ongoing interest in the role of cortisol’s secretion pattern, control, and metabolism in obesity. Goals: The aim of the study was to investigate whether basal and stimulated levels of cortisol differ between healthy people with obesity and individuals with normal weight. Methods: Total, free, and salivary cortisol was tested at baseline state and after 1 μg ACTH stimulation in 60 healthy subjects with obesity and 54 healthy lean controls. Results: Baseline total cortisol was lower in subjects with obesity compared to lean controls (347 [265–452] nmol/L vs. 422 [328–493] nmol/L, respectively; p < 0.05). Similarly, basal salivary cortisol was significantly lower in subjects with obesity (7.5 [5.2–9.7] nmol/L vs. 10.7 [7.5–17.6] nmol/L; p < 0.05). Upon challenge with ACTH, total peak serum and salivary peak cortisol responses were significantly lower in people with obesity than in lean subjects (665.16 ± 151.8 vs. 728.64 ± 124.2 nmol/L; p < 0.05 and 31.66 [19–38.64] vs. 40.05 [31.46–46.64] nmol/L; p < 0.05, respectively). Additionally, baseline total cortisol and salivary cortisol were inversely related to BMI (r = −0.24, r = −0.27; p < 0.05 for both) and waist circumference (r = −0.27, r = −0.34; p < 0.05 for both). Conclusion: Baseline as well as peak stimulated total serum and salivary cortisol were significantly lower in subjects with obesity. It thus appears that obesity is not associated with enhanced basal or ACTH-stimulated cortisol. https://karger.com/article/doi/10.1159/000543449
spellingShingle Yael Sofer
Esther Osher
Wiessam Abu Ahmad
Yona Greenman
Yaffa Moshe
Sigal Shaklai
Marianna Yaron
Merav Serebro
Karen Tordjman
Naftali Stern
Cortisol Secretion in Obesity Revisited: Lower Basal Serum and Salivary Cortisol with Diminished Cortisol Response to the Low Dose ACTH Challenge
Obesity Facts
title Cortisol Secretion in Obesity Revisited: Lower Basal Serum and Salivary Cortisol with Diminished Cortisol Response to the Low Dose ACTH Challenge
title_full Cortisol Secretion in Obesity Revisited: Lower Basal Serum and Salivary Cortisol with Diminished Cortisol Response to the Low Dose ACTH Challenge
title_fullStr Cortisol Secretion in Obesity Revisited: Lower Basal Serum and Salivary Cortisol with Diminished Cortisol Response to the Low Dose ACTH Challenge
title_full_unstemmed Cortisol Secretion in Obesity Revisited: Lower Basal Serum and Salivary Cortisol with Diminished Cortisol Response to the Low Dose ACTH Challenge
title_short Cortisol Secretion in Obesity Revisited: Lower Basal Serum and Salivary Cortisol with Diminished Cortisol Response to the Low Dose ACTH Challenge
title_sort cortisol secretion in obesity revisited lower basal serum and salivary cortisol with diminished cortisol response to the low dose acth challenge
url https://karger.com/article/doi/10.1159/000543449
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