Encapsulation of <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> Using Lactoferrin and Alginate: Layer-by-Layer Coating and Dual Coating Air Brush Approaches for Enhanced Stability
This study evaluated two techniques for encapsulating <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> using bovine lactoferrin and sodium alginate. The first method involved a layer-by-layer (LbL) coating of lactoferrin and alginate directly onto individual cells, using three layers of these electr...
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2025-05-01
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| author | Nora Idalia Diaz-Negrete Gabriela Ramos Clamont Montfort Cristina Cueto-Wong Silvia Gabriela López-Fernández Rene Renato Balandrán-Quintana |
| author_facet | Nora Idalia Diaz-Negrete Gabriela Ramos Clamont Montfort Cristina Cueto-Wong Silvia Gabriela López-Fernández Rene Renato Balandrán-Quintana |
| author_sort | Nora Idalia Diaz-Negrete |
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| description | This study evaluated two techniques for encapsulating <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> using bovine lactoferrin and sodium alginate. The first method involved a layer-by-layer (LbL) coating of lactoferrin and alginate directly onto individual cells, using three layers of these electrolytes. The second method focused on encapsulating the probiotics in calcium alginate miniaturized beads, followed by a lactoferrin coating (AAcL). Encapsulation efficiency was measured at 52.7% for the LbL method and 32.6% for AAcL. Encapsulation was confirmed through zeta potential changes and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs. After freeze drying, the LbL technique showed a 2.67 log CFU decrease in survival rates, whereas the AAcL method resulted in a 3.77 log CFU decline. Nonencapsulated probiotics experienced a reduction of 5.8 log CFU. In storage at −20 °C, the LbL method led to a 32% decrease in survival after 30 days and 41% after 90 days, while the AAcL method showed a decline of 15% after 30 days and 28% after 90 days. Both techniques preserved 75% of the initial <i>L. plantarum</i> population under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Overall, these methods effectively protected the probiotic from environmental stress. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| spelling | doaj-art-be93649f86a44f42973dc8abda58db4e2025-08-20T03:24:34ZengMDPI AGDairy2624-862X2025-05-01632710.3390/dairy6030027Encapsulation of <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> Using Lactoferrin and Alginate: Layer-by-Layer Coating and Dual Coating Air Brush Approaches for Enhanced StabilityNora Idalia Diaz-Negrete0Gabriela Ramos Clamont Montfort1Cristina Cueto-Wong2Silvia Gabriela López-Fernández3Rene Renato Balandrán-Quintana4Laboratorio de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Orientados a la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Carretera Torreón-Matamoros Km. 7.5, El Águila, Torreon 27104, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán # 46, la Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, MexicoLaboratorio de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Orientados a la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Carretera Torreón-Matamoros Km. 7.5, El Águila, Torreon 27104, MexicoLaboratorio de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Orientados a la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Carretera Torreón-Matamoros Km. 7.5, El Águila, Torreon 27104, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán # 46, la Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, MexicoThis study evaluated two techniques for encapsulating <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> using bovine lactoferrin and sodium alginate. The first method involved a layer-by-layer (LbL) coating of lactoferrin and alginate directly onto individual cells, using three layers of these electrolytes. The second method focused on encapsulating the probiotics in calcium alginate miniaturized beads, followed by a lactoferrin coating (AAcL). Encapsulation efficiency was measured at 52.7% for the LbL method and 32.6% for AAcL. Encapsulation was confirmed through zeta potential changes and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs. After freeze drying, the LbL technique showed a 2.67 log CFU decrease in survival rates, whereas the AAcL method resulted in a 3.77 log CFU decline. Nonencapsulated probiotics experienced a reduction of 5.8 log CFU. In storage at −20 °C, the LbL method led to a 32% decrease in survival after 30 days and 41% after 90 days, while the AAcL method showed a decline of 15% after 30 days and 28% after 90 days. Both techniques preserved 75% of the initial <i>L. plantarum</i> population under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Overall, these methods effectively protected the probiotic from environmental stress.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-862X/6/3/27single-cell encapsulationairbrush encapsulationprobioticslactoferrin–alginate layers |
| spellingShingle | Nora Idalia Diaz-Negrete Gabriela Ramos Clamont Montfort Cristina Cueto-Wong Silvia Gabriela López-Fernández Rene Renato Balandrán-Quintana Encapsulation of <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> Using Lactoferrin and Alginate: Layer-by-Layer Coating and Dual Coating Air Brush Approaches for Enhanced Stability Dairy single-cell encapsulation airbrush encapsulation probiotics lactoferrin–alginate layers |
| title | Encapsulation of <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> Using Lactoferrin and Alginate: Layer-by-Layer Coating and Dual Coating Air Brush Approaches for Enhanced Stability |
| title_full | Encapsulation of <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> Using Lactoferrin and Alginate: Layer-by-Layer Coating and Dual Coating Air Brush Approaches for Enhanced Stability |
| title_fullStr | Encapsulation of <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> Using Lactoferrin and Alginate: Layer-by-Layer Coating and Dual Coating Air Brush Approaches for Enhanced Stability |
| title_full_unstemmed | Encapsulation of <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> Using Lactoferrin and Alginate: Layer-by-Layer Coating and Dual Coating Air Brush Approaches for Enhanced Stability |
| title_short | Encapsulation of <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> Using Lactoferrin and Alginate: Layer-by-Layer Coating and Dual Coating Air Brush Approaches for Enhanced Stability |
| title_sort | encapsulation of i lactiplantibacillus plantarum i using lactoferrin and alginate layer by layer coating and dual coating air brush approaches for enhanced stability |
| topic | single-cell encapsulation airbrush encapsulation probiotics lactoferrin–alginate layers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-862X/6/3/27 |
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