Experimental Study on Tunnel Failure Mechanism and the Effect of Combined Anti-Dislocation Measures Under Fault Dislocation
Taking the tunnels crossing active faults in China’s Sichuan–Tibet Railway as the research background, experimental studies were conducted using a custom-developed split model box. The research focused on the cracking characteristics of the surrounding rock surface under the action of strike-slip fa...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/2/765 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832589215179735040 |
|---|---|
| author | Jiaxuan Du Songhong Yan Weiyu Sun Mingxing Cao Yuxiang Li |
| author_facet | Jiaxuan Du Songhong Yan Weiyu Sun Mingxing Cao Yuxiang Li |
| author_sort | Jiaxuan Du |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Taking the tunnels crossing active faults in China’s Sichuan–Tibet Railway as the research background, experimental studies were conducted using a custom-developed split model box. The research focused on the cracking characteristics of the surrounding rock surface under the action of strike-slip faults, the progressive failure process of the tunnel model, and the mechanical response of the tunnel lining. In-depth analyses were performed on the tunnel damage mechanism under strike-slip fault action and the mitigation effects of combined anti-dislocation measures. The results indicate the following: Damage to the upper surface of the surrounding rock primarily occurs within the fault fracture zone. The split model box enables the graded transfer of fault displacement within this zone, improving the boundary conditions for the model test. Under a 50 mm fault displacement, the continuous tunnel experiences severe damage, leading to a complete loss of function. The damage is mainly characterized by circumferential shear and is concentrated within the fault fracture zone. The zone 20 cm to 30 cm on both sides of the fault plane is the primary area influenced by tunnel forces. The force distribution on the left and right sidewalls of the lining exhibits an anti-symmetric pattern across the fault plane. The left side wall is extruded by surrounding rock in the moving block, while the right side wall experiences extrusion from the surrounding rock in the fracture zone, and there is a phenomenon of dehollowing and loosening of the surrounding rock on both sides of the fault plane; the combination of anti-dislocation measures significantly enhances the tunnel’s stress state, reducing peak axial strain by 93% compared to a continuous tunnel. Furthermore, the extent and severity of tunnel damage are greatly diminished. The primary cause of lining segment damage is circumferential stress, with the main damage characterized by tensile cracking on both the inner and outer surfaces of the lining along the tunnel’s axial direction. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-be85e064be2042dd9e44b90dcf67c375 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-be85e064be2042dd9e44b90dcf67c3752025-01-24T13:20:44ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-01-0115276510.3390/app15020765Experimental Study on Tunnel Failure Mechanism and the Effect of Combined Anti-Dislocation Measures Under Fault DislocationJiaxuan Du0Songhong Yan1Weiyu Sun2Mingxing Cao3Yuxiang Li4School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaTaking the tunnels crossing active faults in China’s Sichuan–Tibet Railway as the research background, experimental studies were conducted using a custom-developed split model box. The research focused on the cracking characteristics of the surrounding rock surface under the action of strike-slip faults, the progressive failure process of the tunnel model, and the mechanical response of the tunnel lining. In-depth analyses were performed on the tunnel damage mechanism under strike-slip fault action and the mitigation effects of combined anti-dislocation measures. The results indicate the following: Damage to the upper surface of the surrounding rock primarily occurs within the fault fracture zone. The split model box enables the graded transfer of fault displacement within this zone, improving the boundary conditions for the model test. Under a 50 mm fault displacement, the continuous tunnel experiences severe damage, leading to a complete loss of function. The damage is mainly characterized by circumferential shear and is concentrated within the fault fracture zone. The zone 20 cm to 30 cm on both sides of the fault plane is the primary area influenced by tunnel forces. The force distribution on the left and right sidewalls of the lining exhibits an anti-symmetric pattern across the fault plane. The left side wall is extruded by surrounding rock in the moving block, while the right side wall experiences extrusion from the surrounding rock in the fracture zone, and there is a phenomenon of dehollowing and loosening of the surrounding rock on both sides of the fault plane; the combination of anti-dislocation measures significantly enhances the tunnel’s stress state, reducing peak axial strain by 93% compared to a continuous tunnel. Furthermore, the extent and severity of tunnel damage are greatly diminished. The primary cause of lining segment damage is circumferential stress, with the main damage characterized by tensile cracking on both the inner and outer surfaces of the lining along the tunnel’s axial direction.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/2/765tunnel liningmodel testfault dislocationfracture zonecombined anti-dislocation measures |
| spellingShingle | Jiaxuan Du Songhong Yan Weiyu Sun Mingxing Cao Yuxiang Li Experimental Study on Tunnel Failure Mechanism and the Effect of Combined Anti-Dislocation Measures Under Fault Dislocation Applied Sciences tunnel lining model test fault dislocation fracture zone combined anti-dislocation measures |
| title | Experimental Study on Tunnel Failure Mechanism and the Effect of Combined Anti-Dislocation Measures Under Fault Dislocation |
| title_full | Experimental Study on Tunnel Failure Mechanism and the Effect of Combined Anti-Dislocation Measures Under Fault Dislocation |
| title_fullStr | Experimental Study on Tunnel Failure Mechanism and the Effect of Combined Anti-Dislocation Measures Under Fault Dislocation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental Study on Tunnel Failure Mechanism and the Effect of Combined Anti-Dislocation Measures Under Fault Dislocation |
| title_short | Experimental Study on Tunnel Failure Mechanism and the Effect of Combined Anti-Dislocation Measures Under Fault Dislocation |
| title_sort | experimental study on tunnel failure mechanism and the effect of combined anti dislocation measures under fault dislocation |
| topic | tunnel lining model test fault dislocation fracture zone combined anti-dislocation measures |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/2/765 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jiaxuandu experimentalstudyontunnelfailuremechanismandtheeffectofcombinedantidislocationmeasuresunderfaultdislocation AT songhongyan experimentalstudyontunnelfailuremechanismandtheeffectofcombinedantidislocationmeasuresunderfaultdislocation AT weiyusun experimentalstudyontunnelfailuremechanismandtheeffectofcombinedantidislocationmeasuresunderfaultdislocation AT mingxingcao experimentalstudyontunnelfailuremechanismandtheeffectofcombinedantidislocationmeasuresunderfaultdislocation AT yuxiangli experimentalstudyontunnelfailuremechanismandtheeffectofcombinedantidislocationmeasuresunderfaultdislocation |