Coffee processing waste as a reinforcing material in the preparation of chitosan-based magnetic composite for the removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution
This study aimed to synthesize and characterize a coffee-husk fiber-reinforced magnetic chitosan composite for the removal of hexavalent chromium (VI) from synthetic wastewater. The composite adsorbent was synthesized using a co-precipitation method with different mixing ratios of chitosan to coffee...
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Elsevier
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Results in Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025015257 |
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| author | Shimelis Kebede Kassahun Amen Getaye Konstantina Tsigkou Irini Angelidaki |
| author_facet | Shimelis Kebede Kassahun Amen Getaye Konstantina Tsigkou Irini Angelidaki |
| author_sort | Shimelis Kebede Kassahun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to synthesize and characterize a coffee-husk fiber-reinforced magnetic chitosan composite for the removal of hexavalent chromium (VI) from synthetic wastewater. The composite adsorbent was synthesized using a co-precipitation method with different mixing ratios of chitosan to coffee husk fibers (27:75, 50:25, and 75:25). The surface functional groups, surface morphology, specific surface area, and crystal structure were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The adsorption operational parameters were initial concentration (1.5–2.5 mg/L), initial pH of the solution (4–10), contact time (60–120 min), and adsorbent dosage (1–3 g/L) were selected as operational parameters. A statistical experimental technique known as response surface methodology, specifically the Box–Behnken experimental design, was applied to investigate the interaction effects and identify the optimum parameters for the adsorption process of Cr (VI) removal from aqueous solutions. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Accordingly, the maximum adsorbent chromium removal efficiency was found to be 98.04 % at a pH of 7.25, adsorbent dosage of 2.6 g/L, initial concentration of hexavalent chromium 1.5 mg/L, and contact time of 116 min. Based on this analysis, all selected parameters were found to be equally significant for the performance of the synthesized composite adsorbent. The reusability of the composite under optimal conditions showed minimal loss in removal efficiency through the fourth cycle but a rapid decline from 78.2 % to 60 % after the fourth cycle. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-be4a46bf75994941becb0b6e1432edf2 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2590-1230 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Results in Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-be4a46bf75994941becb0b6e1432edf22025-08-20T03:05:49ZengElsevierResults in Engineering2590-12302025-06-012610545510.1016/j.rineng.2025.105455Coffee processing waste as a reinforcing material in the preparation of chitosan-based magnetic composite for the removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solutionShimelis Kebede Kassahun0Amen Getaye1Konstantina Tsigkou2Irini Angelidaki3School of Chemical and Bio Engineering, Addis Ababa Institute of Technology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Corresponding author.School of Chemical and Bio Engineering, Addis Ababa Institute of Technology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaDepartment of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby DK 2800, DenmarkDepartment of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby DK 2800, DenmarkThis study aimed to synthesize and characterize a coffee-husk fiber-reinforced magnetic chitosan composite for the removal of hexavalent chromium (VI) from synthetic wastewater. The composite adsorbent was synthesized using a co-precipitation method with different mixing ratios of chitosan to coffee husk fibers (27:75, 50:25, and 75:25). The surface functional groups, surface morphology, specific surface area, and crystal structure were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The adsorption operational parameters were initial concentration (1.5–2.5 mg/L), initial pH of the solution (4–10), contact time (60–120 min), and adsorbent dosage (1–3 g/L) were selected as operational parameters. A statistical experimental technique known as response surface methodology, specifically the Box–Behnken experimental design, was applied to investigate the interaction effects and identify the optimum parameters for the adsorption process of Cr (VI) removal from aqueous solutions. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Accordingly, the maximum adsorbent chromium removal efficiency was found to be 98.04 % at a pH of 7.25, adsorbent dosage of 2.6 g/L, initial concentration of hexavalent chromium 1.5 mg/L, and contact time of 116 min. Based on this analysis, all selected parameters were found to be equally significant for the performance of the synthesized composite adsorbent. The reusability of the composite under optimal conditions showed minimal loss in removal efficiency through the fourth cycle but a rapid decline from 78.2 % to 60 % after the fourth cycle.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025015257AdsorptionCoffee husk fiberReinforcedChitosanCompositeChromium |
| spellingShingle | Shimelis Kebede Kassahun Amen Getaye Konstantina Tsigkou Irini Angelidaki Coffee processing waste as a reinforcing material in the preparation of chitosan-based magnetic composite for the removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution Results in Engineering Adsorption Coffee husk fiber Reinforced Chitosan Composite Chromium |
| title | Coffee processing waste as a reinforcing material in the preparation of chitosan-based magnetic composite for the removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution |
| title_full | Coffee processing waste as a reinforcing material in the preparation of chitosan-based magnetic composite for the removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution |
| title_fullStr | Coffee processing waste as a reinforcing material in the preparation of chitosan-based magnetic composite for the removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coffee processing waste as a reinforcing material in the preparation of chitosan-based magnetic composite for the removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution |
| title_short | Coffee processing waste as a reinforcing material in the preparation of chitosan-based magnetic composite for the removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution |
| title_sort | coffee processing waste as a reinforcing material in the preparation of chitosan based magnetic composite for the removal of chromium vi from aqueous solution |
| topic | Adsorption Coffee husk fiber Reinforced Chitosan Composite Chromium |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025015257 |
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