Lipid metabolism in the adrenal gland
The adrenal gland consists of the medulla and the cortex. The chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla release catecholamines via regulated exocytosis. Vesicle formation, trafficking, maturation and fusion with the plasma membrane are orchestrated by lipids such as cholesterol, diacylglycerol, phosph...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1577505/full |
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| author | Anika Aderhold Vasileia Ismini Alexaki |
| author_facet | Anika Aderhold Vasileia Ismini Alexaki |
| author_sort | Anika Aderhold |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The adrenal gland consists of the medulla and the cortex. The chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla release catecholamines via regulated exocytosis. Vesicle formation, trafficking, maturation and fusion with the plasma membrane are orchestrated by lipids such as cholesterol, diacylglycerol, phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate. On the other hand, the adrenal cortex is a highly specialized lipid-metabolizing organ secreting steroid hormones. Cholesterol, acquired from circulating lipoproteins and de novo biosynthesis, is mobilized from intracellular stores and transported to mitochondria to be used as a substrate for steroidogenesis. Steroidogenesis is regulated by free polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and an increased PUFA content in phospholipids promotes steroidogenesis. Cholesterol efflux and lipid-processing macrophages further contribute to lipid homeostasis in the adrenal gland. Given that lipidomics have revolutionized our perception of cell function, we anticipate that this will also hold true for the investigation of adrenocortical function. Such investigations may pinpoint novel targets for the management of abnormal adrenal function. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-be402e2535cf4887bc26ea7bb0d91f7e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-be402e2535cf4887bc26ea7bb0d91f7e2025-08-20T03:45:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922025-06-011610.3389/fendo.2025.15775051577505Lipid metabolism in the adrenal glandAnika AderholdVasileia Ismini AlexakiThe adrenal gland consists of the medulla and the cortex. The chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla release catecholamines via regulated exocytosis. Vesicle formation, trafficking, maturation and fusion with the plasma membrane are orchestrated by lipids such as cholesterol, diacylglycerol, phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate. On the other hand, the adrenal cortex is a highly specialized lipid-metabolizing organ secreting steroid hormones. Cholesterol, acquired from circulating lipoproteins and de novo biosynthesis, is mobilized from intracellular stores and transported to mitochondria to be used as a substrate for steroidogenesis. Steroidogenesis is regulated by free polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and an increased PUFA content in phospholipids promotes steroidogenesis. Cholesterol efflux and lipid-processing macrophages further contribute to lipid homeostasis in the adrenal gland. Given that lipidomics have revolutionized our perception of cell function, we anticipate that this will also hold true for the investigation of adrenocortical function. Such investigations may pinpoint novel targets for the management of abnormal adrenal function.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1577505/fulllipid metabolismadrenal cortexadrenal medullacholesterol metabolismphospholipidscortisol |
| spellingShingle | Anika Aderhold Vasileia Ismini Alexaki Lipid metabolism in the adrenal gland Frontiers in Endocrinology lipid metabolism adrenal cortex adrenal medulla cholesterol metabolism phospholipids cortisol |
| title | Lipid metabolism in the adrenal gland |
| title_full | Lipid metabolism in the adrenal gland |
| title_fullStr | Lipid metabolism in the adrenal gland |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lipid metabolism in the adrenal gland |
| title_short | Lipid metabolism in the adrenal gland |
| title_sort | lipid metabolism in the adrenal gland |
| topic | lipid metabolism adrenal cortex adrenal medulla cholesterol metabolism phospholipids cortisol |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1577505/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT anikaaderhold lipidmetabolismintheadrenalgland AT vasileiaisminialexaki lipidmetabolismintheadrenalgland |