Chitosan alleviates symptoms of Parkinson’s disease by reducing acetate levels, which decreases inflammation and promotes repair of the intestinal barrier and blood–brain barrier

Studies have shown that chitosan protects against neurodegenerative diseases. However, the precise mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we administered chitosan intragastrically to an MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease and found that it effectively reduced dopamine neuron...

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Main Authors: Yinying Wang, Rongsha Chen, Guolin Shi, Xinwei Huang, Ke Li, Ruohua Wang, Xia Cao, Zhongshan Yang, Ninghui Zhao, Jinyuan Yan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2026-01-01
Series:Neural Regeneration Research
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01511
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author Yinying Wang
Rongsha Chen
Guolin Shi
Xinwei Huang
Ke Li
Ruohua Wang
Xia Cao
Zhongshan Yang
Ninghui Zhao
Jinyuan Yan
author_facet Yinying Wang
Rongsha Chen
Guolin Shi
Xinwei Huang
Ke Li
Ruohua Wang
Xia Cao
Zhongshan Yang
Ninghui Zhao
Jinyuan Yan
author_sort Yinying Wang
collection DOAJ
description Studies have shown that chitosan protects against neurodegenerative diseases. However, the precise mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we administered chitosan intragastrically to an MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease and found that it effectively reduced dopamine neuron injury, neurotransmitter dopamine release, and motor symptoms. These neuroprotective effects of chitosan were related to bacterial metabolites, specifically short-chain fatty acids, and chitosan administration altered intestinal microbial diversity and decreased short-chain fatty acid production in the gut. Furthermore, chitosan effectively reduced damage to the intestinal barrier and the blood–brain barrier. Finally, we demonstrated that chitosan improved intestinal barrier function and alleviated inflammation in both the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system by reducing acetate levels. Based on these findings, we suggest a molecular mechanism by which chitosan decreases inflammation through reducing acetate levels and repairing the intestinal and blood–brain barriers, thereby alleviating symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.
format Article
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institution DOAJ
issn 1673-5374
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language English
publishDate 2026-01-01
publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
record_format Article
series Neural Regeneration Research
spelling doaj-art-be35497a58174dea8dee1c74e9b0590c2025-08-20T03:07:54ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsNeural Regeneration Research1673-53741876-79582026-01-0121137739110.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01511Chitosan alleviates symptoms of Parkinson’s disease by reducing acetate levels, which decreases inflammation and promotes repair of the intestinal barrier and blood–brain barrierYinying WangRongsha ChenGuolin ShiXinwei HuangKe LiRuohua WangXia CaoZhongshan YangNinghui ZhaoJinyuan YanStudies have shown that chitosan protects against neurodegenerative diseases. However, the precise mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we administered chitosan intragastrically to an MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease and found that it effectively reduced dopamine neuron injury, neurotransmitter dopamine release, and motor symptoms. These neuroprotective effects of chitosan were related to bacterial metabolites, specifically short-chain fatty acids, and chitosan administration altered intestinal microbial diversity and decreased short-chain fatty acid production in the gut. Furthermore, chitosan effectively reduced damage to the intestinal barrier and the blood–brain barrier. Finally, we demonstrated that chitosan improved intestinal barrier function and alleviated inflammation in both the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system by reducing acetate levels. Based on these findings, we suggest a molecular mechanism by which chitosan decreases inflammation through reducing acetate levels and repairing the intestinal and blood–brain barriers, thereby alleviating symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01511acetateadenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinaseblood–brain barrierchitosandopamine neuronsinflammationintestinal barrierparkinson’s diseaseperoxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltashort-chain fatty acids
spellingShingle Yinying Wang
Rongsha Chen
Guolin Shi
Xinwei Huang
Ke Li
Ruohua Wang
Xia Cao
Zhongshan Yang
Ninghui Zhao
Jinyuan Yan
Chitosan alleviates symptoms of Parkinson’s disease by reducing acetate levels, which decreases inflammation and promotes repair of the intestinal barrier and blood–brain barrier
Neural Regeneration Research
acetate
adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase
blood–brain barrier
chitosan
dopamine neurons
inflammation
intestinal barrier
parkinson’s disease
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta
short-chain fatty acids
title Chitosan alleviates symptoms of Parkinson’s disease by reducing acetate levels, which decreases inflammation and promotes repair of the intestinal barrier and blood–brain barrier
title_full Chitosan alleviates symptoms of Parkinson’s disease by reducing acetate levels, which decreases inflammation and promotes repair of the intestinal barrier and blood–brain barrier
title_fullStr Chitosan alleviates symptoms of Parkinson’s disease by reducing acetate levels, which decreases inflammation and promotes repair of the intestinal barrier and blood–brain barrier
title_full_unstemmed Chitosan alleviates symptoms of Parkinson’s disease by reducing acetate levels, which decreases inflammation and promotes repair of the intestinal barrier and blood–brain barrier
title_short Chitosan alleviates symptoms of Parkinson’s disease by reducing acetate levels, which decreases inflammation and promotes repair of the intestinal barrier and blood–brain barrier
title_sort chitosan alleviates symptoms of parkinson s disease by reducing acetate levels which decreases inflammation and promotes repair of the intestinal barrier and blood brain barrier
topic acetate
adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase
blood–brain barrier
chitosan
dopamine neurons
inflammation
intestinal barrier
parkinson’s disease
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta
short-chain fatty acids
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01511
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