A stress-induced paralog of Lhcb4 controls the photosystem II functional architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana

Abstract Photosystem II (PSII) is the pigment-protein complex catalysing light-induced water oxidation. In Arabidopsis thaliana, it includes three Lhcb4–6 proteins linking the core complex to peripheral trimeric antennae. While Lhcb5 and Lhcb6 are encoded by single genes, Lhcb4 is encoded by three i...

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Main Authors: Roberto Caferri, Qian Zhou, Luca Dall’Osto, Antonello Amelii, Jianyu Shan, Zhenfeng Liu, Roberto Bassi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62085-2
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author Roberto Caferri
Qian Zhou
Luca Dall’Osto
Antonello Amelii
Jianyu Shan
Zhenfeng Liu
Roberto Bassi
author_facet Roberto Caferri
Qian Zhou
Luca Dall’Osto
Antonello Amelii
Jianyu Shan
Zhenfeng Liu
Roberto Bassi
author_sort Roberto Caferri
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Photosystem II (PSII) is the pigment-protein complex catalysing light-induced water oxidation. In Arabidopsis thaliana, it includes three Lhcb4–6 proteins linking the core complex to peripheral trimeric antennae. While Lhcb5 and Lhcb6 are encoded by single genes, Lhcb4 is encoded by three isoforms: Lhcb4.1 and Lhcb4.2, constitutively expressed, and Lhcb4.3 (Lhcb8), which accumulates under prolonged abiotic stress. Lhcb8 substitutes for Lhcb4, preventing Lhcb6 accumulation and resulting in a smaller PSII with high quantum yield. Cryo-electron microscopy reveals that Lhcb8 has a shorter carboxy-terminal domain, lacks two chlorophylls, and interacts more tightly with the PSII core, inducing structural changes in the PSII antenna system, ultimately inhibiting the formation of PSII arrays and favouring plastoquinone diffusion. We suggest that dynamic Lhcb4 vs Lhcb8 expression allows for PSII acclimation to contrasting light conditions, offering the potential for engineering crops with improved light use efficiency.
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institution Kabale University
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publishDate 2025-07-01
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spelling doaj-art-be0eedc4f9f842d6b3c408d4d723b3cf2025-08-20T03:43:27ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-07-0116111510.1038/s41467-025-62085-2A stress-induced paralog of Lhcb4 controls the photosystem II functional architecture in Arabidopsis thalianaRoberto Caferri0Qian Zhou1Luca Dall’Osto2Antonello Amelii3Jianyu Shan4Zhenfeng Liu5Roberto Bassi6Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Bioenergy, Department of Biotechnology, University of VeronaState Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of SciencesLaboratory of Photosynthesis and Bioenergy, Department of Biotechnology, University of VeronaLaboratory of Photosynthesis and Bioenergy, Department of Biotechnology, University of VeronaState Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of SciencesState Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of SciencesLaboratory of Photosynthesis and Bioenergy, Department of Biotechnology, University of VeronaAbstract Photosystem II (PSII) is the pigment-protein complex catalysing light-induced water oxidation. In Arabidopsis thaliana, it includes three Lhcb4–6 proteins linking the core complex to peripheral trimeric antennae. While Lhcb5 and Lhcb6 are encoded by single genes, Lhcb4 is encoded by three isoforms: Lhcb4.1 and Lhcb4.2, constitutively expressed, and Lhcb4.3 (Lhcb8), which accumulates under prolonged abiotic stress. Lhcb8 substitutes for Lhcb4, preventing Lhcb6 accumulation and resulting in a smaller PSII with high quantum yield. Cryo-electron microscopy reveals that Lhcb8 has a shorter carboxy-terminal domain, lacks two chlorophylls, and interacts more tightly with the PSII core, inducing structural changes in the PSII antenna system, ultimately inhibiting the formation of PSII arrays and favouring plastoquinone diffusion. We suggest that dynamic Lhcb4 vs Lhcb8 expression allows for PSII acclimation to contrasting light conditions, offering the potential for engineering crops with improved light use efficiency.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62085-2
spellingShingle Roberto Caferri
Qian Zhou
Luca Dall’Osto
Antonello Amelii
Jianyu Shan
Zhenfeng Liu
Roberto Bassi
A stress-induced paralog of Lhcb4 controls the photosystem II functional architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana
Nature Communications
title A stress-induced paralog of Lhcb4 controls the photosystem II functional architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_full A stress-induced paralog of Lhcb4 controls the photosystem II functional architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_fullStr A stress-induced paralog of Lhcb4 controls the photosystem II functional architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_full_unstemmed A stress-induced paralog of Lhcb4 controls the photosystem II functional architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_short A stress-induced paralog of Lhcb4 controls the photosystem II functional architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_sort stress induced paralog of lhcb4 controls the photosystem ii functional architecture in arabidopsis thaliana
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62085-2
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