Determination of the Minimum Cell-to-Cell Adhesion Time Using Optical Tweezers in Leukemia and Lymphoma Research

Single-cell adhesion assays can be divided into studies on attachment and detachment events, and several methods that enable the characterization of both processes have been established in the past. Due to their low invasiveness, label-free principles, and contactless operation, optical methods are...

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Main Authors: Kamila Duś-Szachniewicz, Sławomir Drobczyński
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Methods and Protocols
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2409-9279/8/3/59
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author Kamila Duś-Szachniewicz
Sławomir Drobczyński
author_facet Kamila Duś-Szachniewicz
Sławomir Drobczyński
author_sort Kamila Duś-Szachniewicz
collection DOAJ
description Single-cell adhesion assays can be divided into studies on attachment and detachment events, and several methods that enable the characterization of both processes have been established in the past. Due to their low invasiveness, label-free principles, and contactless operation, optical methods are especially beneficial for this purpose. Historically, optical tweezers (OTs) have been used to explore single-cell detachment events, allowing for the precise determination of minute physical forces. However, it has been noted that OTs can also be used to study single-cell attachment dynamics, including the evaluation of minimum cell-to-cell contact times necessary to establish a stable adhesive bond. Here, we provide a step-by-step protocol to effectively evaluate minute changes in the adhesion of single leukemia–lymphoma cells using optical tweezers with low laser intensities. This serves as a valuable in vitro model to determine the effects of physical and chemical factors on the adhesive properties of leukemia–lymphoma (LL) cells.
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spelling doaj-art-bdf11b4ee4a8433bb86bf3b57d2e1d102025-08-20T03:27:32ZengMDPI AGMethods and Protocols2409-92792025-06-01835910.3390/mps8030059Determination of the Minimum Cell-to-Cell Adhesion Time Using Optical Tweezers in Leukemia and Lymphoma ResearchKamila Duś-Szachniewicz0Sławomir Drobczyński1Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Optics and Photonics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, PolandSingle-cell adhesion assays can be divided into studies on attachment and detachment events, and several methods that enable the characterization of both processes have been established in the past. Due to their low invasiveness, label-free principles, and contactless operation, optical methods are especially beneficial for this purpose. Historically, optical tweezers (OTs) have been used to explore single-cell detachment events, allowing for the precise determination of minute physical forces. However, it has been noted that OTs can also be used to study single-cell attachment dynamics, including the evaluation of minimum cell-to-cell contact times necessary to establish a stable adhesive bond. Here, we provide a step-by-step protocol to effectively evaluate minute changes in the adhesion of single leukemia–lymphoma cells using optical tweezers with low laser intensities. This serves as a valuable in vitro model to determine the effects of physical and chemical factors on the adhesive properties of leukemia–lymphoma (LL) cells.https://www.mdpi.com/2409-9279/8/3/59optical tweezersleukemia–lymphoma (LL) cell linesminimum cell-to-cell adhesion timesingle cell adhesion assayhematological malignancies
spellingShingle Kamila Duś-Szachniewicz
Sławomir Drobczyński
Determination of the Minimum Cell-to-Cell Adhesion Time Using Optical Tweezers in Leukemia and Lymphoma Research
Methods and Protocols
optical tweezers
leukemia–lymphoma (LL) cell lines
minimum cell-to-cell adhesion time
single cell adhesion assay
hematological malignancies
title Determination of the Minimum Cell-to-Cell Adhesion Time Using Optical Tweezers in Leukemia and Lymphoma Research
title_full Determination of the Minimum Cell-to-Cell Adhesion Time Using Optical Tweezers in Leukemia and Lymphoma Research
title_fullStr Determination of the Minimum Cell-to-Cell Adhesion Time Using Optical Tweezers in Leukemia and Lymphoma Research
title_full_unstemmed Determination of the Minimum Cell-to-Cell Adhesion Time Using Optical Tweezers in Leukemia and Lymphoma Research
title_short Determination of the Minimum Cell-to-Cell Adhesion Time Using Optical Tweezers in Leukemia and Lymphoma Research
title_sort determination of the minimum cell to cell adhesion time using optical tweezers in leukemia and lymphoma research
topic optical tweezers
leukemia–lymphoma (LL) cell lines
minimum cell-to-cell adhesion time
single cell adhesion assay
hematological malignancies
url https://www.mdpi.com/2409-9279/8/3/59
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