Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effect of <i>Ruta chalepensis</i> Ethanolic Extract in Triton WR-1339-Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats
High levels of fats like triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood can cause cardiovascular diseases, prompting the search for safer, natural treatments. This study investigates the efficacy of <i>Ruta chalepensis</i> ethanol extract in lowering cholesterol levels using a rat model of h...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-10-01
|
| Series: | Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/19/9017 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850283696475602944 |
|---|---|
| author | Arwa R. Althaher Mohammad Alwahsh Aya Hasan Dima Al-Majali Mirna W. Awadallah Tariq Al-Qirim |
| author_facet | Arwa R. Althaher Mohammad Alwahsh Aya Hasan Dima Al-Majali Mirna W. Awadallah Tariq Al-Qirim |
| author_sort | Arwa R. Althaher |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | High levels of fats like triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood can cause cardiovascular diseases, prompting the search for safer, natural treatments. This study investigates the efficacy of <i>Ruta chalepensis</i> ethanol extract in lowering cholesterol levels using a rat model of hyperlipidemia induced by Triton WR-1339. Leaves and flowers of <i>R. chalepensis</i> were extracted with ethanol, and LC-MS analysis revealed high levels of quercetin (9.5%), 2,2-Dimethyl-3-methylidenebicyclo [2.2.1] heptane (8.1%), and other compounds, with monoterpenes being the most common class. Male Wistar rats received doses of the extract at 20 and 40 mg/kg, while fenofibrate (100 mg/kg) was the positive control. After 20 h, plasma lipid levels were significantly affected, showing a 72.1% reduction in total cholesterol for the 40 mg/kg group (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and a 67.6% reduction for the 20 mg/kg group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased by 68.8% in the 40 mg/kg group (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and 58.6% in the 20 mg/kg group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol saw reductions of 67.3% (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in the 40 mg/kg group and 60.4% (<i>p</i> < 0.01) in the 20 mg/kg group. Triglycerides dropped by 90.6% in the 40 mg/kg group (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and 86.7% in the 20 mg/kg group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Overall, the results highlighted a stronger anti-hyperlipidemic effect in the 40 mg/kg group across all lipid parameters measured. The extract outperformed fenofibrate, particularly at the higher dose. These results imply that <i>R. chalepensis</i> extract is a promising natural alternative for managing hyperlipidemia. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bdef3ea49bd043db87d019232101cff9 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-bdef3ea49bd043db87d019232101cff92025-08-20T01:47:44ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172024-10-011419901710.3390/app14199017Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effect of <i>Ruta chalepensis</i> Ethanolic Extract in Triton WR-1339-Induced Hyperlipidemia in RatsArwa R. Althaher0Mohammad Alwahsh1Aya Hasan2Dima Al-Majali3Mirna W. Awadallah4Tariq Al-Qirim5Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, JordanDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, JordanDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, JordanDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, JordanDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, JordanDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, JordanHigh levels of fats like triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood can cause cardiovascular diseases, prompting the search for safer, natural treatments. This study investigates the efficacy of <i>Ruta chalepensis</i> ethanol extract in lowering cholesterol levels using a rat model of hyperlipidemia induced by Triton WR-1339. Leaves and flowers of <i>R. chalepensis</i> were extracted with ethanol, and LC-MS analysis revealed high levels of quercetin (9.5%), 2,2-Dimethyl-3-methylidenebicyclo [2.2.1] heptane (8.1%), and other compounds, with monoterpenes being the most common class. Male Wistar rats received doses of the extract at 20 and 40 mg/kg, while fenofibrate (100 mg/kg) was the positive control. After 20 h, plasma lipid levels were significantly affected, showing a 72.1% reduction in total cholesterol for the 40 mg/kg group (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and a 67.6% reduction for the 20 mg/kg group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased by 68.8% in the 40 mg/kg group (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and 58.6% in the 20 mg/kg group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol saw reductions of 67.3% (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in the 40 mg/kg group and 60.4% (<i>p</i> < 0.01) in the 20 mg/kg group. Triglycerides dropped by 90.6% in the 40 mg/kg group (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and 86.7% in the 20 mg/kg group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Overall, the results highlighted a stronger anti-hyperlipidemic effect in the 40 mg/kg group across all lipid parameters measured. The extract outperformed fenofibrate, particularly at the higher dose. These results imply that <i>R. chalepensis</i> extract is a promising natural alternative for managing hyperlipidemia.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/19/9017<i>Ruta chalepensis</i>anti-hyperlipidemic activityhyperlipidemiaTriton WR-1339lipid profilesLC-MS |
| spellingShingle | Arwa R. Althaher Mohammad Alwahsh Aya Hasan Dima Al-Majali Mirna W. Awadallah Tariq Al-Qirim Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effect of <i>Ruta chalepensis</i> Ethanolic Extract in Triton WR-1339-Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats Applied Sciences <i>Ruta chalepensis</i> anti-hyperlipidemic activity hyperlipidemia Triton WR-1339 lipid profiles LC-MS |
| title | Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effect of <i>Ruta chalepensis</i> Ethanolic Extract in Triton WR-1339-Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats |
| title_full | Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effect of <i>Ruta chalepensis</i> Ethanolic Extract in Triton WR-1339-Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats |
| title_fullStr | Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effect of <i>Ruta chalepensis</i> Ethanolic Extract in Triton WR-1339-Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effect of <i>Ruta chalepensis</i> Ethanolic Extract in Triton WR-1339-Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats |
| title_short | Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effect of <i>Ruta chalepensis</i> Ethanolic Extract in Triton WR-1339-Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats |
| title_sort | anti hyperlipidemic effect of i ruta chalepensis i ethanolic extract in triton wr 1339 induced hyperlipidemia in rats |
| topic | <i>Ruta chalepensis</i> anti-hyperlipidemic activity hyperlipidemia Triton WR-1339 lipid profiles LC-MS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/19/9017 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT arwaralthaher antihyperlipidemiceffectofirutachalepensisiethanolicextractintritonwr1339inducedhyperlipidemiainrats AT mohammadalwahsh antihyperlipidemiceffectofirutachalepensisiethanolicextractintritonwr1339inducedhyperlipidemiainrats AT ayahasan antihyperlipidemiceffectofirutachalepensisiethanolicextractintritonwr1339inducedhyperlipidemiainrats AT dimaalmajali antihyperlipidemiceffectofirutachalepensisiethanolicextractintritonwr1339inducedhyperlipidemiainrats AT mirnawawadallah antihyperlipidemiceffectofirutachalepensisiethanolicextractintritonwr1339inducedhyperlipidemiainrats AT tariqalqirim antihyperlipidemiceffectofirutachalepensisiethanolicextractintritonwr1339inducedhyperlipidemiainrats |