Regenerative Braking Energy Flow Control Algorithm for Power Grid Voltage Stabilization in Mobile Energy Storage Systems
The paper presents a method for managing the energy storage and use of a mobile supercapacitor energy storage system (SC ESS) on a tram vehicle for the purpose of active voltage stabilization of the power grid. The method is based on an algorithm that identifies the need to utilize the energy of the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/2/410 |
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| author | Ivan Župan Viktor Šunde Željko Ban Branimir Novoselnik |
| author_facet | Ivan Župan Viktor Šunde Željko Ban Branimir Novoselnik |
| author_sort | Ivan Župan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The paper presents a method for managing the energy storage and use of a mobile supercapacitor energy storage system (SC ESS) on a tram vehicle for the purpose of active voltage stabilization of the power grid. The method is based on an algorithm that identifies the need to utilize the energy of the SC ESS depending on changes in the voltage of the power grid caused by the driving of other nearby tram vehicles. The waveform of the current flowing into or out of the SC ESS during this control is determined based on Pontryagin’s minimum principle, which optimizes the minimum change in the voltage level at the pantograph and the minimum temperature of the supercapacitor. In this way, this approach aims to minimize the changes in the voltage of the power grid caused by other vehicles and to maximize the lifespan of the supercapacitor. The algorithm was tested within the MATLAB/Simulink R2022b programming environment and experimentally validated with an HIL simulation experiment in a laboratory setup to emulate the rail vehicle system, the supercapacitor, and the power supply network. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bdd72acf22584089b3181bf679b94c27 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj-art-bdd72acf22584089b3181bf679b94c272025-01-24T13:31:23ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-01-0118241010.3390/en18020410Regenerative Braking Energy Flow Control Algorithm for Power Grid Voltage Stabilization in Mobile Energy Storage SystemsIvan Župan0Viktor Šunde1Željko Ban2Branimir Novoselnik3Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaFaculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaFaculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaFaculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaThe paper presents a method for managing the energy storage and use of a mobile supercapacitor energy storage system (SC ESS) on a tram vehicle for the purpose of active voltage stabilization of the power grid. The method is based on an algorithm that identifies the need to utilize the energy of the SC ESS depending on changes in the voltage of the power grid caused by the driving of other nearby tram vehicles. The waveform of the current flowing into or out of the SC ESS during this control is determined based on Pontryagin’s minimum principle, which optimizes the minimum change in the voltage level at the pantograph and the minimum temperature of the supercapacitor. In this way, this approach aims to minimize the changes in the voltage of the power grid caused by other vehicles and to maximize the lifespan of the supercapacitor. The algorithm was tested within the MATLAB/Simulink R2022b programming environment and experimentally validated with an HIL simulation experiment in a laboratory setup to emulate the rail vehicle system, the supercapacitor, and the power supply network.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/2/410regenerative braking systemsupercapacitor storage systemoptimal controlPontryagin’s minimum principleHIL simulation |
| spellingShingle | Ivan Župan Viktor Šunde Željko Ban Branimir Novoselnik Regenerative Braking Energy Flow Control Algorithm for Power Grid Voltage Stabilization in Mobile Energy Storage Systems Energies regenerative braking system supercapacitor storage system optimal control Pontryagin’s minimum principle HIL simulation |
| title | Regenerative Braking Energy Flow Control Algorithm for Power Grid Voltage Stabilization in Mobile Energy Storage Systems |
| title_full | Regenerative Braking Energy Flow Control Algorithm for Power Grid Voltage Stabilization in Mobile Energy Storage Systems |
| title_fullStr | Regenerative Braking Energy Flow Control Algorithm for Power Grid Voltage Stabilization in Mobile Energy Storage Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regenerative Braking Energy Flow Control Algorithm for Power Grid Voltage Stabilization in Mobile Energy Storage Systems |
| title_short | Regenerative Braking Energy Flow Control Algorithm for Power Grid Voltage Stabilization in Mobile Energy Storage Systems |
| title_sort | regenerative braking energy flow control algorithm for power grid voltage stabilization in mobile energy storage systems |
| topic | regenerative braking system supercapacitor storage system optimal control Pontryagin’s minimum principle HIL simulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/2/410 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ivanzupan regenerativebrakingenergyflowcontrolalgorithmforpowergridvoltagestabilizationinmobileenergystoragesystems AT viktorsunde regenerativebrakingenergyflowcontrolalgorithmforpowergridvoltagestabilizationinmobileenergystoragesystems AT zeljkoban regenerativebrakingenergyflowcontrolalgorithmforpowergridvoltagestabilizationinmobileenergystoragesystems AT branimirnovoselnik regenerativebrakingenergyflowcontrolalgorithmforpowergridvoltagestabilizationinmobileenergystoragesystems |