The autonomic response following taVNS predicts changes in level of consciousness in DoC patients

Abstract Advancements in emergency medicine and critical care have significantly improved survival rates for patients with severe acquired brain injuries(sABI), subsequently increasing the prevalence of disorders of consciousness (DoC) such as Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome (UWS) and Minimally Co...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yan Li, Francesco Riganello, Jing Yu, Martina Vatrano, Mingquan Shen, Lijuan Cheng, Xiaohua Hu, Chengcheng Ni, Feiyang Wang, Bo Zheng, ChengCheng Zhang, Chaoyi Xie, Meiqi Li, Wangshan Huang, Fangfang Shou, Nantu Hu, Steven Laureys, Haibo Di
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-03-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84029-4
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850185284540432384
author Yan Li
Francesco Riganello
Jing Yu
Martina Vatrano
Mingquan Shen
Lijuan Cheng
Xiaohua Hu
Chengcheng Ni
Feiyang Wang
Bo Zheng
ChengCheng Zhang
Chaoyi Xie
Meiqi Li
Wangshan Huang
Fangfang Shou
Nantu Hu
Steven Laureys
Haibo Di
author_facet Yan Li
Francesco Riganello
Jing Yu
Martina Vatrano
Mingquan Shen
Lijuan Cheng
Xiaohua Hu
Chengcheng Ni
Feiyang Wang
Bo Zheng
ChengCheng Zhang
Chaoyi Xie
Meiqi Li
Wangshan Huang
Fangfang Shou
Nantu Hu
Steven Laureys
Haibo Di
author_sort Yan Li
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Advancements in emergency medicine and critical care have significantly improved survival rates for patients with severe acquired brain injuries(sABI), subsequently increasing the prevalence of disorders of consciousness (DoC) such as Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome (UWS) and Minimally Conscious State (MCS). However, the assessment of conscious states relies on the observation of behavioral responses, the interpretation of which may vary from evaluator to evaluator, as well as the high rate of misdiagnosis, which together pose significant challenges for clinical diagnosis. The study investigates the utility of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) in modulating autonomic responses, as evidenced through heart rate variability (HRV), for distinguishing between healthy individuals and DoC patients and for prognosticating patient outcomes. A prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted from Februry 9, 2022, to February 4, 2024, at Hangzhou Armed Police Hospital in China. Healthy controls (HC) and DoC patients were enrolled in this study. The taVNS was administered to each subject for ten minutes. There electrocardiogram (ECG) signals were recorded for the analysis of HRV both during the stimulation and the ten minutes of rest that preceded and followed the stimulation. Subsequent investigations utilized Support Vector Machine (SVM) modeling, enhanced by a Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernel, to explore potential predictors of patient outcomes. This approach aimed to differentiate HC from DoC and MCS from UWS patients. 26 HC and 36 patients diagnosed with DoC were included in the analysis,. The DoC group consisted of 17 patients with a diagnosis of MCS and 19 with diagnosis of UWS/VS. Significant modulations in HRV parameters (HF, VLF, SampEn) were observed, indicating variations in autonomic response between the control group and DoC patients. Using the VLF, LF, and SampEn features in SVM model, DoC and HC were correctly classified with an accuracy of 86%. Similarly, MCS and UWS were classified with an accuracy of 78%. The SVM modeling achieved an 86% accuracy rate in predicting outcomes three months post-intervention, with a 71% confirmation rate at six months.The results highlight taVNS’s potential as a therapeutic modality in managing DoC by demonstrating its impact on autonomic regulation and suggesting pathways for enhancing recovery, which accentuates the significance of exploring brain-heart dynamics in DoC, presenting a novel approach to therapeutic strategies. Trial Registration Information: URL: chictr.org.cn; Unique identifier: ChiCTR2100045161. Date of the first registration: 9th/ April/ 2021.
format Article
id doaj-art-bdc473b917e44b17aee1187546ed2b2c
institution OA Journals
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-bdc473b917e44b17aee1187546ed2b2c2025-08-20T02:16:48ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-03-0115111310.1038/s41598-024-84029-4The autonomic response following taVNS predicts changes in level of consciousness in DoC patientsYan Li0Francesco Riganello1Jing Yu2Martina Vatrano3Mingquan Shen4Lijuan Cheng5Xiaohua Hu6Chengcheng Ni7Feiyang Wang8Bo Zheng9ChengCheng Zhang10Chaoyi Xie11Meiqi Li12Wangshan Huang13Fangfang Shou14Nantu Hu15Steven Laureys16Haibo Di17International Vegetative State and Consciousness Science Institute, Hangzhou Normal UniversityS. Anna InstituteSchool of Basic Medicine, Hangzhou Normal UniversityS. Anna InstituteSchool of Basic Medicine, Hangzhou Normal UniversitySchool of Basic Medicine, Hangzhou Normal UniversityDepartment of Rehabilitation, Hospital of Zhejiang Provincial Armed Police CropsSchool of Basic Medicine, Hangzhou Normal UniversitySchool of Basic Medicine, Hangzhou Normal UniversitySchool of Basic Medicine, Hangzhou Normal UniversitySchool of Basic Medicine, Hangzhou Normal UniversitySchool of Basic Medicine, Hangzhou Normal UniversityInternational Vegetative State and Consciousness Science Institute, Hangzhou Normal UniversityInternational Vegetative State and Consciousness Science Institute, Hangzhou Normal UniversityInternational Vegetative State and Consciousness Science Institute, Hangzhou Normal UniversityInternational Vegetative State and Consciousness Science Institute, Hangzhou Normal UniversityComa Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, University of LiègeInternational Vegetative State and Consciousness Science Institute, Hangzhou Normal UniversityAbstract Advancements in emergency medicine and critical care have significantly improved survival rates for patients with severe acquired brain injuries(sABI), subsequently increasing the prevalence of disorders of consciousness (DoC) such as Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome (UWS) and Minimally Conscious State (MCS). However, the assessment of conscious states relies on the observation of behavioral responses, the interpretation of which may vary from evaluator to evaluator, as well as the high rate of misdiagnosis, which together pose significant challenges for clinical diagnosis. The study investigates the utility of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) in modulating autonomic responses, as evidenced through heart rate variability (HRV), for distinguishing between healthy individuals and DoC patients and for prognosticating patient outcomes. A prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted from Februry 9, 2022, to February 4, 2024, at Hangzhou Armed Police Hospital in China. Healthy controls (HC) and DoC patients were enrolled in this study. The taVNS was administered to each subject for ten minutes. There electrocardiogram (ECG) signals were recorded for the analysis of HRV both during the stimulation and the ten minutes of rest that preceded and followed the stimulation. Subsequent investigations utilized Support Vector Machine (SVM) modeling, enhanced by a Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernel, to explore potential predictors of patient outcomes. This approach aimed to differentiate HC from DoC and MCS from UWS patients. 26 HC and 36 patients diagnosed with DoC were included in the analysis,. The DoC group consisted of 17 patients with a diagnosis of MCS and 19 with diagnosis of UWS/VS. Significant modulations in HRV parameters (HF, VLF, SampEn) were observed, indicating variations in autonomic response between the control group and DoC patients. Using the VLF, LF, and SampEn features in SVM model, DoC and HC were correctly classified with an accuracy of 86%. Similarly, MCS and UWS were classified with an accuracy of 78%. The SVM modeling achieved an 86% accuracy rate in predicting outcomes three months post-intervention, with a 71% confirmation rate at six months.The results highlight taVNS’s potential as a therapeutic modality in managing DoC by demonstrating its impact on autonomic regulation and suggesting pathways for enhancing recovery, which accentuates the significance of exploring brain-heart dynamics in DoC, presenting a novel approach to therapeutic strategies. Trial Registration Information: URL: chictr.org.cn; Unique identifier: ChiCTR2100045161. Date of the first registration: 9th/ April/ 2021.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84029-4Disorders of consciousnessTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulationHeart rate variabilityPrognosisSupport vector machine
spellingShingle Yan Li
Francesco Riganello
Jing Yu
Martina Vatrano
Mingquan Shen
Lijuan Cheng
Xiaohua Hu
Chengcheng Ni
Feiyang Wang
Bo Zheng
ChengCheng Zhang
Chaoyi Xie
Meiqi Li
Wangshan Huang
Fangfang Shou
Nantu Hu
Steven Laureys
Haibo Di
The autonomic response following taVNS predicts changes in level of consciousness in DoC patients
Scientific Reports
Disorders of consciousness
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation
Heart rate variability
Prognosis
Support vector machine
title The autonomic response following taVNS predicts changes in level of consciousness in DoC patients
title_full The autonomic response following taVNS predicts changes in level of consciousness in DoC patients
title_fullStr The autonomic response following taVNS predicts changes in level of consciousness in DoC patients
title_full_unstemmed The autonomic response following taVNS predicts changes in level of consciousness in DoC patients
title_short The autonomic response following taVNS predicts changes in level of consciousness in DoC patients
title_sort autonomic response following tavns predicts changes in level of consciousness in doc patients
topic Disorders of consciousness
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation
Heart rate variability
Prognosis
Support vector machine
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84029-4
work_keys_str_mv AT yanli theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT francescoriganello theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT jingyu theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT martinavatrano theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT mingquanshen theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT lijuancheng theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT xiaohuahu theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT chengchengni theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT feiyangwang theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT bozheng theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT chengchengzhang theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT chaoyixie theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT meiqili theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT wangshanhuang theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT fangfangshou theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT nantuhu theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT stevenlaureys theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT haibodi theautonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT yanli autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT francescoriganello autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT jingyu autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT martinavatrano autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT mingquanshen autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT lijuancheng autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT xiaohuahu autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT chengchengni autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT feiyangwang autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT bozheng autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT chengchengzhang autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT chaoyixie autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT meiqili autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT wangshanhuang autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT fangfangshou autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT nantuhu autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT stevenlaureys autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients
AT haibodi autonomicresponsefollowingtavnspredictschangesinlevelofconsciousnessindocpatients