The mediating role of intrinsic motivation in the relationship between external support and performance goals among Chinese high school students: The moderating effect of gender

Understanding the mechanisms that shape high school students' performance goals is crucial for fostering their academic development. Despite growing interest in the role of social support and motivation, limited research has examined how perceived teacher and parental support jointly influence...

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Main Authors: Xinyi Tian, Yue Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Acta Psychologica
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001691825006882
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author Xinyi Tian
Yue Zhang
author_facet Xinyi Tian
Yue Zhang
author_sort Xinyi Tian
collection DOAJ
description Understanding the mechanisms that shape high school students' performance goals is crucial for fostering their academic development. Despite growing interest in the role of social support and motivation, limited research has examined how perceived teacher and parental support jointly influence performance goals through internal psychological processes, particularly in large-scale non-Western samples. Addressing this gap, the present study investigates the mediating role of intrinsic motivation and the moderating role of gender in the relationship between social support and performance goals. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 11,900 second-year high school students from a central province in China. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). Results indicated that both perceived teacher support and perceived parental support significantly and positively predicted students' performance goals. Importantly, intrinsic motivation partially mediated these relationships, with a stronger mediating effect observed in the teacher support pathway. Multi-group analyses further revealed a significant moderating effect of gender, such that the indirect effect of teacher support on performance goals via intrinsic motivation was more pronounced for female students. These findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of how social-contextual factors and motivational processes interact to shape performance goal orientation. Practical implications are discussed for developing gender-sensitive, motivation-enhancing strategies in secondary education.
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spelling doaj-art-bdb4e0a120e4437bb4f6b6ca1dbbdb672025-08-20T04:00:27ZengElsevierActa Psychologica0001-69182025-09-0125910537510.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105375The mediating role of intrinsic motivation in the relationship between external support and performance goals among Chinese high school students: The moderating effect of genderXinyi Tian0Yue Zhang1Beijing Language and Culture University, No.15 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, ChinaBeijing Language and Culture University, No.15 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Corresponding author at: No.15 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.Understanding the mechanisms that shape high school students' performance goals is crucial for fostering their academic development. Despite growing interest in the role of social support and motivation, limited research has examined how perceived teacher and parental support jointly influence performance goals through internal psychological processes, particularly in large-scale non-Western samples. Addressing this gap, the present study investigates the mediating role of intrinsic motivation and the moderating role of gender in the relationship between social support and performance goals. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 11,900 second-year high school students from a central province in China. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). Results indicated that both perceived teacher support and perceived parental support significantly and positively predicted students' performance goals. Importantly, intrinsic motivation partially mediated these relationships, with a stronger mediating effect observed in the teacher support pathway. Multi-group analyses further revealed a significant moderating effect of gender, such that the indirect effect of teacher support on performance goals via intrinsic motivation was more pronounced for female students. These findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of how social-contextual factors and motivational processes interact to shape performance goal orientation. Practical implications are discussed for developing gender-sensitive, motivation-enhancing strategies in secondary education.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001691825006882Performance goalsIntrinsic motivationTeacher supportParental supportGender
spellingShingle Xinyi Tian
Yue Zhang
The mediating role of intrinsic motivation in the relationship between external support and performance goals among Chinese high school students: The moderating effect of gender
Acta Psychologica
Performance goals
Intrinsic motivation
Teacher support
Parental support
Gender
title The mediating role of intrinsic motivation in the relationship between external support and performance goals among Chinese high school students: The moderating effect of gender
title_full The mediating role of intrinsic motivation in the relationship between external support and performance goals among Chinese high school students: The moderating effect of gender
title_fullStr The mediating role of intrinsic motivation in the relationship between external support and performance goals among Chinese high school students: The moderating effect of gender
title_full_unstemmed The mediating role of intrinsic motivation in the relationship between external support and performance goals among Chinese high school students: The moderating effect of gender
title_short The mediating role of intrinsic motivation in the relationship between external support and performance goals among Chinese high school students: The moderating effect of gender
title_sort mediating role of intrinsic motivation in the relationship between external support and performance goals among chinese high school students the moderating effect of gender
topic Performance goals
Intrinsic motivation
Teacher support
Parental support
Gender
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001691825006882
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