Serological analysis in humans in Malaysian Borneo suggests prior exposure to H5 avian influenza near migratory shorebird habitats
Abstract Cases of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenzas (HPAI) are on the rise. Although mammalian spillover events are rare, H5N1 viruses have an estimated mortality rate in humans of 60%. No human cases of H5 infection have been reported in Malaysian Borneo, but HPAI has circulated in poultry and...
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Nature Portfolio
2024-10-01
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| Series: | Nature Communications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53058-y |
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| author | Hannah Klim Timothy William Jack Mellors Caolann Brady Giri S. Rajahram Tock H. Chua Helena Brazal Monzó Jecelyn Leslie John Kelly da Costa Mohammad Saffree Jeffree Nigel J. Temperton Tom Tipton Craig P. Thompson Kamruddin Ahmed Chris J. Drakeley Miles W. Carroll Kimberly M. Fornace |
| author_facet | Hannah Klim Timothy William Jack Mellors Caolann Brady Giri S. Rajahram Tock H. Chua Helena Brazal Monzó Jecelyn Leslie John Kelly da Costa Mohammad Saffree Jeffree Nigel J. Temperton Tom Tipton Craig P. Thompson Kamruddin Ahmed Chris J. Drakeley Miles W. Carroll Kimberly M. Fornace |
| author_sort | Hannah Klim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Cases of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenzas (HPAI) are on the rise. Although mammalian spillover events are rare, H5N1 viruses have an estimated mortality rate in humans of 60%. No human cases of H5 infection have been reported in Malaysian Borneo, but HPAI has circulated in poultry and migratory avian species transiting through the region. Recent deforestation in coastal habitats in Malaysian Borneo may increase the proximity between humans and migratory birds. We hypothesise that higher rates of human-animal contact, caused by this habitat destruction, will increase the likelihood of potential zoonotic spillover events. In 2015, an environmentally stratified cross-sectional survey was conducted collecting geolocated questionnaire data in 10,100 individuals. A serological survey of these individuals reveals evidence of H5 neutralisation that persisted following depletion of seasonal H1/H3 HA binding antibodies from the plasma. The presence of these antibodies suggests that some individuals living near migratory sites may have been exposed to H5 HA. There is a spatial and environmental overlap between individuals displaying high H5 HA binding and the distribution of migratory birds. We have developed a novel surveillance approach including both spatial and serological data to detect potential spillover events, highlighting the urgent need to study cross-species pathogen transmission in migratory zones. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bd933e2d3cc94517949f10657ffb0d2d |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2041-1723 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nature Communications |
| spelling | doaj-art-bd933e2d3cc94517949f10657ffb0d2d2025-08-20T02:17:47ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232024-10-0115111310.1038/s41467-024-53058-ySerological analysis in humans in Malaysian Borneo suggests prior exposure to H5 avian influenza near migratory shorebird habitatsHannah Klim0Timothy William1Jack Mellors2Caolann Brady3Giri S. Rajahram4Tock H. Chua5Helena Brazal Monzó6Jecelyn Leslie John7Kelly da Costa8Mohammad Saffree Jeffree9Nigel J. Temperton10Tom Tipton11Craig P. Thompson12Kamruddin Ahmed13Chris J. Drakeley14Miles W. Carroll15Kimberly M. Fornace16Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Human Genetics and Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of OxfordInfectious Diseases Society Sabah-Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research UnitNuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Human Genetics and Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of OxfordNuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Human Genetics and Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of OxfordClinical Research Centre, Queen Elizabeth II HospitalFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Malaysia SabahFaculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineBorneo Medical and Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Malaysia SabahViral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Kent and MedwayDepartment of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Malaysia SabahViral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Kent and MedwayNuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Human Genetics and Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of OxfordDivision of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of WarwickBorneo Medical and Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Malaysia SabahFaculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineNuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Human Genetics and Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of OxfordFaculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineAbstract Cases of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenzas (HPAI) are on the rise. Although mammalian spillover events are rare, H5N1 viruses have an estimated mortality rate in humans of 60%. No human cases of H5 infection have been reported in Malaysian Borneo, but HPAI has circulated in poultry and migratory avian species transiting through the region. Recent deforestation in coastal habitats in Malaysian Borneo may increase the proximity between humans and migratory birds. We hypothesise that higher rates of human-animal contact, caused by this habitat destruction, will increase the likelihood of potential zoonotic spillover events. In 2015, an environmentally stratified cross-sectional survey was conducted collecting geolocated questionnaire data in 10,100 individuals. A serological survey of these individuals reveals evidence of H5 neutralisation that persisted following depletion of seasonal H1/H3 HA binding antibodies from the plasma. The presence of these antibodies suggests that some individuals living near migratory sites may have been exposed to H5 HA. There is a spatial and environmental overlap between individuals displaying high H5 HA binding and the distribution of migratory birds. We have developed a novel surveillance approach including both spatial and serological data to detect potential spillover events, highlighting the urgent need to study cross-species pathogen transmission in migratory zones.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53058-y |
| spellingShingle | Hannah Klim Timothy William Jack Mellors Caolann Brady Giri S. Rajahram Tock H. Chua Helena Brazal Monzó Jecelyn Leslie John Kelly da Costa Mohammad Saffree Jeffree Nigel J. Temperton Tom Tipton Craig P. Thompson Kamruddin Ahmed Chris J. Drakeley Miles W. Carroll Kimberly M. Fornace Serological analysis in humans in Malaysian Borneo suggests prior exposure to H5 avian influenza near migratory shorebird habitats Nature Communications |
| title | Serological analysis in humans in Malaysian Borneo suggests prior exposure to H5 avian influenza near migratory shorebird habitats |
| title_full | Serological analysis in humans in Malaysian Borneo suggests prior exposure to H5 avian influenza near migratory shorebird habitats |
| title_fullStr | Serological analysis in humans in Malaysian Borneo suggests prior exposure to H5 avian influenza near migratory shorebird habitats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Serological analysis in humans in Malaysian Borneo suggests prior exposure to H5 avian influenza near migratory shorebird habitats |
| title_short | Serological analysis in humans in Malaysian Borneo suggests prior exposure to H5 avian influenza near migratory shorebird habitats |
| title_sort | serological analysis in humans in malaysian borneo suggests prior exposure to h5 avian influenza near migratory shorebird habitats |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53058-y |
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