COVID-19 in Brazilian Pediatric Patients: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study with a Predictive Model for Hospitalization

COVID-19 in Brazilian Pediatric Patients: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study with a Predictive Model for Hospitalization

Background: This study was conducted to ascertain the most frequent symptoms of COVID-19 infection at first consultation in a pediatric cohort and to devise a predictive model for hospitalization. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of 1028 Brazilian patients aged <18 years wit...

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Main Authors: Ana Paula Pacheco, Henrique Laureano, Laire Schidlowski, Natalia Ciorcero, Thalita Zanatto, Ariela Borgmann, Gabrielle Fragoso, Ana Luisa Giamberardino, Renata Dourado, Karine dos Anjos, Paulo João, Marina Assahide, Maria Cristina Silveira, Victor Costa-Junior, Heloisa Giamberardino, Carolina Prando
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-08-01
Series:Life
Subjects:
SARS-CoV-2
pediatrics
hospitalization
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/14/9/1083
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Summary:Background: This study was conducted to ascertain the most frequent symptoms of COVID-19 infection at first consultation in a pediatric cohort and to devise a predictive model for hospitalization. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of 1028 Brazilian patients aged <18 years with SARS-CoV-2 infection in a single reference hospital in the first year of the pandemic. Clinical, demographic, laboratory, and disease spectrum data were analyzed via multivariate logistic regression modeling to develop a predictive model of factors linked to hospitalization. Results: The majority of our cohort were schoolchildren and adolescents, with a homogeneous distribution concerning sex. At first consultation, most patients presented with fever (64.1%) and respiratory symptoms (63.3%). We had 204 admitted patients, including 11 with Pediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome. Increased D-dimer levels were associated with comorbidities (<i>p</i> = 0.018). A high viral load was observed in patients within the first two days of symptoms (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Our predictive model included respiratory distress, number and type of specific comorbidities, tachycardia, seizures, and vomiting as factors for hospitalization. Conclusions: Most patients presented with mild conditions with outpatient treatment. However, understanding predictors for hospitalization can contribute to medical decisions at the first patient visit.
ISSN:2075-1729

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