Numerical study on bearing performance of rock socketed pile anchored by inclined anchors under uplift and horizontal combined load

Abstract Rock-socketed pile anchored by inclined anchors (RPIA) is a novel pile-anchor composite foundation developed to address the challenges of transmission tower installations in mountainous areas. This study investigates the bearing performance of RPIA under uplift-horizontal combined load usin...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zilu Xie, Zengzhen Qian, Yiqing Zhang, Qiang Xie, Jun Duan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15763-6
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849735909555044352
author Zilu Xie
Zengzhen Qian
Yiqing Zhang
Qiang Xie
Jun Duan
author_facet Zilu Xie
Zengzhen Qian
Yiqing Zhang
Qiang Xie
Jun Duan
author_sort Zilu Xie
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Rock-socketed pile anchored by inclined anchors (RPIA) is a novel pile-anchor composite foundation developed to address the challenges of transmission tower installations in mountainous areas. This study investigates the bearing performance of RPIA under uplift-horizontal combined load using a nonlinear numerical model validated through full-scale field tests. Parametric analyses were conducted to examine the effects of inclined anchor length, angle and diameter, as well as connection node depth, on RPIA performance. Analysis reveals that inclined anchors reconstruct the path of potential slip surfaces within soil and rock mass, thereby effectively expanding the participation range of geotechnical bodies. Parametric analysis demonstrates that ultimate load of RPIA decreases with increasing angle, but increases with larger length and diameter of inclined anchor. The trends are further modulated by the relative position of the connection node within the geotechnical body. Longer inclined anchors shift the failure mode of the RPIA from the pull-out of short pile to the yielding of longitudinal rebar, and are suitable for shallower connection nodes to improve horizontal resistance. While shorter inclined anchors require the increment in anchor diameter and depth of connection point. The results of this study provide guidance for the design and promotion of RPIA.
format Article
id doaj-art-bd8b6fe55ebd47e38338f5a88de28bd9
institution DOAJ
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-bd8b6fe55ebd47e38338f5a88de28bd92025-08-20T03:07:25ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-08-0115112110.1038/s41598-025-15763-6Numerical study on bearing performance of rock socketed pile anchored by inclined anchors under uplift and horizontal combined loadZilu Xie0Zengzhen Qian1Yiqing Zhang2Qiang Xie3Jun Duan4School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences, BeijingSchool of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences, BeijingState Grid Chongqing Electric Power Company Economic and Technical Research InstituteSchool of Civil Engineering, Chongqing UniversitySchool of Civil Engineering, Chongqing UniversityAbstract Rock-socketed pile anchored by inclined anchors (RPIA) is a novel pile-anchor composite foundation developed to address the challenges of transmission tower installations in mountainous areas. This study investigates the bearing performance of RPIA under uplift-horizontal combined load using a nonlinear numerical model validated through full-scale field tests. Parametric analyses were conducted to examine the effects of inclined anchor length, angle and diameter, as well as connection node depth, on RPIA performance. Analysis reveals that inclined anchors reconstruct the path of potential slip surfaces within soil and rock mass, thereby effectively expanding the participation range of geotechnical bodies. Parametric analysis demonstrates that ultimate load of RPIA decreases with increasing angle, but increases with larger length and diameter of inclined anchor. The trends are further modulated by the relative position of the connection node within the geotechnical body. Longer inclined anchors shift the failure mode of the RPIA from the pull-out of short pile to the yielding of longitudinal rebar, and are suitable for shallower connection nodes to improve horizontal resistance. While shorter inclined anchors require the increment in anchor diameter and depth of connection point. The results of this study provide guidance for the design and promotion of RPIA.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15763-6Rock-socketed pile anchored by inclined anchorsBearing performanceUplift and horizontal combined loadNumerical analysis
spellingShingle Zilu Xie
Zengzhen Qian
Yiqing Zhang
Qiang Xie
Jun Duan
Numerical study on bearing performance of rock socketed pile anchored by inclined anchors under uplift and horizontal combined load
Scientific Reports
Rock-socketed pile anchored by inclined anchors
Bearing performance
Uplift and horizontal combined load
Numerical analysis
title Numerical study on bearing performance of rock socketed pile anchored by inclined anchors under uplift and horizontal combined load
title_full Numerical study on bearing performance of rock socketed pile anchored by inclined anchors under uplift and horizontal combined load
title_fullStr Numerical study on bearing performance of rock socketed pile anchored by inclined anchors under uplift and horizontal combined load
title_full_unstemmed Numerical study on bearing performance of rock socketed pile anchored by inclined anchors under uplift and horizontal combined load
title_short Numerical study on bearing performance of rock socketed pile anchored by inclined anchors under uplift and horizontal combined load
title_sort numerical study on bearing performance of rock socketed pile anchored by inclined anchors under uplift and horizontal combined load
topic Rock-socketed pile anchored by inclined anchors
Bearing performance
Uplift and horizontal combined load
Numerical analysis
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15763-6
work_keys_str_mv AT ziluxie numericalstudyonbearingperformanceofrocksocketedpileanchoredbyinclinedanchorsunderupliftandhorizontalcombinedload
AT zengzhenqian numericalstudyonbearingperformanceofrocksocketedpileanchoredbyinclinedanchorsunderupliftandhorizontalcombinedload
AT yiqingzhang numericalstudyonbearingperformanceofrocksocketedpileanchoredbyinclinedanchorsunderupliftandhorizontalcombinedload
AT qiangxie numericalstudyonbearingperformanceofrocksocketedpileanchoredbyinclinedanchorsunderupliftandhorizontalcombinedload
AT junduan numericalstudyonbearingperformanceofrocksocketedpileanchoredbyinclinedanchorsunderupliftandhorizontalcombinedload